这篇文章主要讲解了“python中playwright结合pytest执行怎么实现”，文中的讲解内容简单清晰，易于学习与理解，下面请大家跟着小编的思路慢慢深入，一起来研究和学习“python中playwright结合pytest执行怎么实现”吧！
安装pytest插件
C:\Users\lifeng01>pip install pytest-playwrightCollecting pytest-playwright Using cached pytest_playwright-0.2.2-py3-none-any.whl (9.8 kB)Requirement already satisfied: pytest in d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from pytest-playwright) (6.2.5)Requirement already satisfied: playwright>=1.13 in d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from pytest-playwright) (1.17.0)Requirement already satisfied: python-slugify in d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from pytest-playwright) (5.0.2)Requirement already satisfied: pytest-base-url in d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from pytest-playwright) (1.4.2)Requirement already satisfied: typing-extensions in d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from playwright>=1.13->pytest-playwright) (3.7.4.3)Requirement already satisfied: pyee>=8.0.1 in d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from playwright>=1.13->pytest-playwright) (8.2.2)Requirement already satisfied: websockets>=8.1 in d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from playwright>=1.13->pytest-playwright) (9.1)Requirement already satisfied: greenlet>=1.0.0 in d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from playwright>=1.13->pytest-playwright) (1.0.0)Requirement already satisfied: atomicwrites>=1.0 in d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from pytest->pytest-playwright) (1.3.0)Requirement already satisfied: attrs>=19.2.0 in d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from pytest->pytest-playwright) (19.3.0)Requirement already satisfied: py>=1.8.2 in d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from pytest->pytest-playwright) (1.9.0)Requirement already satisfied: toml in d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from pytest->pytest-playwright) (0.10.0)Requirement already satisfied: colorama in d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from pytest->pytest-playwright) (0.4.3)Requirement already satisfied: pluggy<2.0,>=0.12 in d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from pytest->pytest-playwright) (0.13.1)Requirement already satisfied: packaging in d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from pytest->pytest-playwright) (20.9)Requirement already satisfied: importlib-metadata>=0.12 in d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from pytest->pytest-playwright) (1.7.0)Requirement already satisfied: iniconfig in d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from pytest->pytest-playwright) (1.0.1)Requirement already satisfied: requests>=2.9 in d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from pytest-base-url->pytest-playwright) (2.25.0)Requirement already satisfied: text-unidecode>=1.3 in d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from python-slugify->pytest-playwright) (1.3)Requirement already satisfied: zipp>=0.5 in d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from importlib-metadata>=0.12->pytest->pytest-playwright) (3.1.0)Requirement already satisfied: urllib3<1.27,>=1.21.1 in d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from requests>=2.9->pytest-base-url->pytest-playwright) (1.26.2)Requirement already satisfied: certifi>=2017.4.17 in d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from requests>=2.9->pytest-base-url->pytest-playwright) (2020.4.5.1)Requirement already satisfied: idna<3,>=2.5 in d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from requests>=2.9->pytest-base-url->pytest-playwright) (2.9)Requirement already satisfied: chardet<4,>=3.0.2 in d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from requests>=2.9->pytest-base-url->pytest-playwright) (3.0.4)Requirement already satisfied: pyparsing>=2.0.2 in d:\python\python37\lib\site-packages (from packaging->pytest->pytest-playwright) (2.4.7)Installing collected packages: pytest-playwrightSuccessfully installed pytest-playwright-0.2.2编写测试用例
import pytestfrom playwright.sync_api import Page def test_baidu_com(page: Page): page.goto("https://www.baidu.com") # xpath定位输入框，输入文本内容 page.fill('//*[@id="kw"]', "秦时明月") # css点位点击“百度一下”按钮 page.click('#su') # 打印title名称 print(page.title) if __name__ == '__main__': pytest.main(["-v", "test_baidu_example.py"])名词解释：
test_baidu_com(page: Page):自动完成配置类型 ( page是pytest_playwright插件提供的一个夹函数，page指定到类型为Page，Page是playwright库提供的一个类，page指定类型为Page就可以调用Page类中的一些列方法 )
命令行输入命令执行：
PS F:\project_gitee\Test\playwrightProject\cases> pytest --browser chromium --video on================================================================================== test session starts ==================================================================================platform win32 -- Python 3.7.7, pytest-6.2.5, py-1.9.0, pluggy-0.13.1rootdir: F:\project_gitee\Test\playwrightProject\casesplugins: allure-pytest-2.9.43, anyio-3.3.4, base-url-1.4.2, clarity-1.0.1, cov-2.8.1, emoji-0.2.0, forked-1.3.0, html-3.1.1, lazy-fixture-0.6.3, metadata-1.11.0, pikachu-0.1.0, playwright-0.2.2, rerunfailures-9.1.1, xdist-2.2.1collected 1 item test_baidu_example.py . [100%] =================================================================================== 1 passed in 1.97s ===================================================================================命令行常用基础命令：
# 运行测试pytest # 开启页面运行pytest --headed # 指定浏览器运行pytest --browser firefox # 开启页面运行并指定浏览器运行pytest --headed --browser firefox # 指定两个浏览器运行，优先运行火狐再运行谷歌pytest --browser firefox --browser chromium # 使用浏览器频道，支持谷歌浏览器(我的电脑其他浏览器是报错的)pytest --browser-channel chromium # 用慢动作运行测试pytest --slowmo 100 # 指定谷歌浏览器，开启记录每次测试的轨迹(生成一个.zip包，存放在test-results文件夹中)pytest --browser chromium --tracing on（on:开；off:关） # 指定谷歌浏览器，开启每次测试录制视频(生成一个.webm包，存放在test-results文件夹中)pytest --browser chromium --video on（on:开；off:关） # 指定谷歌浏览器，开启每次测试后是否自动截屏(生成一个.png图片，存放在test-results文件夹中)pytest --browser chromium --screenshot on通过浏览器跳过测试:
import pytestfrom playwright.sync_api import Page @pytest.mark.skip_browser("firefox")def test_baidu_com(page: Page): page.goto("https://www.baidu.com") # xpath定位输入框，输入文本内容 page.fill('//*[@id="kw"]', "秦时明月") # css点位点击“百度一下”按钮 page.click('#su') # 打印title名称 print(page.title) if __name__ == '__main__': pytest.main(["-v", "test_baidu_example.py"])在特定浏览器上运行:
import pytestfrom playwright.sync_api import Page @pytest.mark.only_browser("chromium")def test_baidu_com(page: Page): page.goto("https://www.baidu.com") # xpath定位输入框，输入文本内容 page.fill('//*[@id="kw"]', "秦时明月") # css点位点击“百度一下”按钮 page.click('#su') # 打印title名称 print(page.title) if __name__ == '__main__': pytest.main(["-v", "test_baidu_example.py"])忽略 HTTPS 错误和设置自定义视口大小
第一种是写在conftest.py中，然后直接运行测试用例:
# conftest.py import pytest @pytest.fixture(scope="session")def browser_context_args(browser_context_args): return { **browser_context_args, "ignore_https_errors": True, } @pytest.fixture(scope="session")def browser_context_args(browser_context_args): return { **browser_context_args, "viewport": { "width": 1920, "height": 1080, } }测试用例写法如下(最好这样写，不然运行就报错，作者已采坑):
import pytestfrom playwright.sync_api import Page def test_example(page: Page): page.goto("http://www.baidu.com") assert page.title() == "百度一下，你就知道" page.close() if __name__ == '__main__': pytest.main(["-v", "test_example.py"])命令行运行测试用例:
PS F:\project_gitee\Test\playwrightProject\cases> pytest --headed --browser chromium================================================================================== test session starts ==================================================================================platform win32 -- Python 3.7.7, pytest-6.2.5, py-1.9.0, pluggy-0.13.1rootdir: F:\project_gitee\Test\playwrightProject\casesplugins: allure-pytest-2.9.43, anyio-3.3.4, asyncio-0.16.0, base-url-1.4.2, clarity-1.0.1, cov-2.8.1, emoji-0.2.0, forked-1.3.0, html-3.1.1, lazy-fixture-0.6.3, metadata-1.11.0, pikachu-0.1.0, playwright-0.2.2, rerunfailures-9.1.1, xdist-2.2.1collected 1 item test_example.py . [100%] =================================================================================== 1 passed in 2.39s ===================================================================================第二种是直接在用例中增加指定参数即可:
import pytestfrom playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright def test_example(): with sync_playwright() as p: browser = p.chromium.launch(headless=False) page = browser.new_context( ignore_https_errors=True, viewport={ "width": 1920, "height": 1040, } ) page = page.new_page() page.goto("http://www.baidu.com") assert page.title() == "百度一下，你就知道" browser.close() if __name__ == '__main__': pytest.main(["-v", "test_example.py"])名词解释:
p.chromium.launch(headless=False):headless=False是开启有页面运行(默认是True，也就是无头浏览器)
第三种是模拟手机浏览器
# conftest.py import pytest @pytest.fixture(scope="session")def browser_context_args(browser_context_args, playwright): iphone_11 = playwright.devices['iPhone 11 Pro'] return { **browser_context_args, **iphone_11, }测试用例写法如下(最好这样写，不然运行就报错，作者已采坑):
import pytestfrom playwright.sync_api import Page def test_example(page: Page): page.goto("http://www.baidu.com") assert page.title() == "百度一下，你就知道" page.close() if __name__ == '__main__': pytest.main(["-v", "test_example.py"])命令行运行测试用例:
PS F:\project_gitee\Test\playwrightProject\cases> pytest --headed --browser chromium================================================================================== test session starts ==================================================================================platform win32 -- Python 3.7.7, pytest-6.2.5, py-1.9.0, pluggy-0.13.1rootdir: F:\project_gitee\Test\playwrightProject\casesplugins: allure-pytest-2.9.43, anyio-3.3.4, asyncio-0.16.0, base-url-1.4.2, clarity-1.0.1, cov-2.8.1, emoji-0.2.0, forked-1.3.0, html-3.1.1, lazy-fixture-0.6.3, metadata-1.11.0, pikachu-0.1.0, playwright-0.2.2, rerunfailures-9.1.1, xdist-2.2.1collected 1 item test_example.py F [100%] ======================================================================================= FAILURES ========================================================================================________________________________________________________________________________ test_example[chromium] _________________________________________________________________________________ page = <Page url='https://m.baidu.com/?from=844b&vit=fps'> def test_example(page: Page): page.goto("http://www.baidu.com")> assert page.title() == "百度一下，你就知道"E AssertionError: assert '百度一下' == '百度一下，你就知道'E - 百度一下，你就知道E + 百度一下 test_example.py:15: AssertionError================================================================================ short test summary info ================================================================================FAILED test_example.py::test_example[chromium] - AssertionError: assert '百度一下' == '百度一下，你就知道'=================================================================================== 1 failed in 3.14s ===================================================================================这里运行后，打开的web页面，是一个手机形状的页面，仿的是手机浏览器(代码中指定的是iPhone 11 Pro)
持久上下文
它的意思就是打开一个web页面，会在这个web页面开多个新标签页面去执行测试用例。
例如：我有两个测试用例需要执行，如果使用持久上下文，就会打开一个web页面，然后web页面的第一个标签页运行第一个测试用例，第二个标签页运行第二个测试用例，直到把所有测试用例运行完了，关闭整个web页面，结束。
当然，如果你没有使用持久上下文，那就是打开web页面执行第一个测试用例，执行完第一个测试用例关闭web页面，然后再打开web页面执行第二个测试用例，执行完第二个测试用例关闭web页面，结束。
import pytestfrom playwright.sync_api import BrowserTypefrom typing import Dict @pytest.fixture(scope="session")def context( browser_type: BrowserType, browser_type_launch_args: Dict, browser_context_args: Dict): context = browser_type.launch_persistent_context("./data", **{ **browser_type_launch_args, **browser_context_args, "locale": "de-DE", }) yield context context.close()名词解释:
./data用户数据目录的路径，它存储浏览器会话数据，如cookie和本地存储。
browser_type_launch_args如果没有设置值，返回的就是一个空字典；它里面的参数就是和p.chromium.launch()中的传参一致的，此处了解下，后面具体介绍。
browser_context_args如果没有设置值，返回的就是一个空字典；它里面的参数就和context = browser.new_context()中的传参一致的，此处了解下，后面具体介绍。
locale指定用户区域设置，例如' en-GB '、' de-DE '等。
命令行运行测试用例:
PS F:\project_gitee\Test\playwrightProject\cases> pytest --headed --browser chromium================================================================================== test session starts ==================================================================================platform win32 -- Python 3.7.7, pytest-6.2.5, py-1.9.0, pluggy-0.13.1rootdir: F:\project_gitee\Test\playwrightProject\casesplugins: allure-pytest-2.9.43, anyio-3.3.4, asyncio-0.16.0, base-url-1.4.2, clarity-1.0.1, cov-2.8.1, emoji-0.2.0, forked-1.3.0, html-3.1.1, lazy-fixture-0.6.3, metadata-1.11.0, pikachu-0.1.0, playwright-0.2.2, rerunfailures-9.1.1, xdist-2.2.1collected 2 items test_baidu_example.py . [ 50%]test_example.py . [100%] =================================================================================== 2 passed in 3.12s ===================================================================================必须知晓问题:
上述文章中的browser_type_launch_args和browser_context_args都是pytest_playwright插件提供的测试夹会话：
展示pytest_playwright插件部分源码：
@pytest.fixture(scope="session")def browser_type_launch_args(pytestconfig: Any) -> Dict: launch_options = {} headed_option = pytestconfig.getoption("--headed") if headed_option: launch_options["headless"] = False browser_channel_option = pytestconfig.getoption("--browser-channel") if browser_channel_option: launch_options["channel"] = browser_channel_option slowmo_option = pytestconfig.getoption("--slowmo") if slowmo_option: launch_options["slow_mo"] = slowmo_option return launch_options @pytest.fixture(scope="session")def browser_context_args( pytestconfig: Any, playwright: Playwright, device: Optional[str],) -> Dict: context_args = {} if device: context_args.update(playwright.devices[device]) base_url = pytestconfig.getoption("--base-url") if base_url: context_args["base_url"] = base_url video_option = pytestconfig.getoption("--video") capture_video = video_option in ["on", "retain-on-failure"] if capture_video: context_args["record_video_dir"] = artifacts_folder.name return context_args感谢各位的阅读，以上就是“python中playwright结合pytest执行怎么实现”的内容了，经过本文的学习后，相信大家对python中playwright结合pytest执行怎么实现这一问题有了更深刻的体会，具体使用情况还需要大家实践验证。这里是编程网，小编将为大家推送更多相关知识点的文章，欢迎关注！
