基于 XML 的声明式事务控制
1.环境搭建
拷贝必要的 jar 包到工程的 lib 目录
2.创建 spring 的配置文件并导入约束
这里直接给出本次测试的全部XML配置，具体细节在后面依次介绍。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd ">
<!-- 配置连接池对象 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybase2" />
<property name="user" value="root" />
<property name="password" value="Hudie" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置JdbcTemplate模板对象 -->
<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
<!-- dao -->
<bean id="userDao" class="com.gql.dao.UserDaoImp">
<property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"></property>
</bean>
<!-- service -->
<bean id="userService" class="com.gql.service.UserServiceImp">
<property name="userDao" ref="userDao"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 事务类/切面 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
<!--
通知:
1.告诉Spring容器采用哪种事务管理机制.
2.告诉Spring容器目标方法采用什么样的事务处理策略.
-->
<tx:advice id="tx" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<!--
name 规定目标方法
isolation 事务隔离级别,默认是default
propagation 传播机制,默认是REQUIREL
-->
<tx:method name="save" isolation="DEFAULT" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
<tx:method name="up*" isolation="DEFAULT" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
<tx:method name="de*" isolation="DEFAULT" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
<tx:method name="get*" isolation="DEFAULT" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut expression="execution (* com.gql.service.UserServiceImp.*(..))" id="point" />
<aop:advisor advice-ref="tx" pointcut-ref="point" />
</aop:config>
</beans>
3.准备数据库表和实体类
user数据库表
create database mybase2;
USE mybase2;
CREATE TABLE `user` (
`id` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键',
`name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`age` INT(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
)
COLLATE='utf8_general_ci'
ENGINE=InnoDB
;
INSERT INTO user values(NULL,'周冬雨',21);
INSERT INTO user values(NULL,'马冬梅',18);
INSERT INTO user values(NULL,'马西梅',19);
User实体类
package com.gql.entity;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class User implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -4492760954899814333L;
private int id;
private String name;
private int age;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
4.业务层接口与实现类
业务层接口
package com.gql.service;
import java.util.List;
import com.gql.entity.User;
public interface UserService {
void save(User user);
void update(int id, User user);
void delete(int id);
User getUser(int id);
List<User> getUserList(int[] ids);
List<User> getUserList();
}
业务层实现类
package com.gql.service;
import java.util.List;
import com.gql.dao.UserDao;
import com.gql.entity.User;
public class UserServiceImp implements UserService {
private UserDao userDao;
public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {
this.userDao = userDao;
}
@Override
public void save(User user) {
userDao.save(user);
int i = 1/0;
}
@Override
public void update(int id, User user) {
userDao.update(id, user);
}
@Override
public void delete(int id) {
userDao.delete(id);
}
@Override
public User getUser(int id) {
User user = userDao.getUser(id);
return user;
}
@Override
public List<User> getUserList(int[] ids) {
List<User> userList = userDao.getUserList(ids);
return userList;
}
@Override
public List<User> getUserList() {
List<User> list = userDao.getUserList();
return list;
}
}
5.数据访问层接口与实现类
数据访问层接口
package com.gql.dao;
import java.util.List;
import com.gql.entity.User;
public interface UserDao {
void save(User user);
void update(int id, User user);
void delete(int id);
User getUser(int id);
List<User> getUserList(int[] ids);
List<User> getUserList();
}
数据访问层实现类
package com.gql.dao;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.namedparam.NamedParameterJdbcTemplate;
import com.gql.RowMapper.UserRowMapper;
import com.gql.entity.User;
public class UserDaoImp implements UserDao {
private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;
}
@Override
public void save(User user) {
String sql = "INSERT INTO user values(NULL,?,?)";
jdbcTemplate.update(sql, user.getName(), user.getAge());
}
@Override
public void update(int id, User user) {
String sql = "update user set name=?,age=? WHERE id = ?";
jdbcTemplate.update(sql, user.getName(), user.getAge(), id);
}
@Override
public void delete(int id) {
String sql = "DELETE FROM user WHERE id = ?;";
jdbcTemplate.update(sql, id);
}
@Override
public User getUser(int id) {
String sql = "select * from user where id = ?";
User user = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, new RowMapper<User>() {
@Override
public User mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
User user = new User();
user.setId(rs.getInt(1));
user.setName(rs.getString(2));
user.setAge(rs.getInt(3));
return user;
}
}, id);
return user;
}
@Override
public List<User> getUserList(int[] ids) {
String sql = "select * from user where id in(:ids)";
NamedParameterJdbcTemplate n = new NamedParameterJdbcTemplate(jdbcTemplate.getDataSource());
Map<String,Object> paramMap = new HashMap<String,Object>();
List list = new ArrayList();
for (int i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
list.add(ids[i]);
}
paramMap.put("ids", list);
List<User> userList = n.query(sql, paramMap, new RowMapper<User>(){
@Override
public User mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
User user = new User();
user.setId(rs.getInt(1));
user.setName(rs.getString(2));
user.setAge(rs.getInt(3));
return user;
}
});
return userList;
// 第二种写法↓↓↓
// StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
// sb.append("SELECT * FROM user WHERE id = ?");
// for(int i=0;i<ids.length-1;i++){
// sb.append(" or id = ?");
// }
// Integer[] in = new Integer[ids.length];
// for(int i=0;i<ids.length;i++){
// in[i] = ids[i];
// }
// Object[] args = in;
// List<User> userList = jdbcTemplate.query(sb.toString(),args,new RowMapper() {
//
// @Override
// public Object mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
// User user = new User();
// user.setId(rs.getInt(1));
// user.setName(rs.getString(2));
// user.setAge(rs.getInt(3));
// return user;
// }
// });
// return userList;
}
@Override
public List<User> getUserList() {
String sql = "select * from user";
List<User> list = jdbcTemplate.query(sql, new UserRowMapper());
return list;
}
}
6.配置c3p0数据源/业务层/数据访问层
配置c3p0数据源
<!-- 配置连接池对象 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybase2" />
<property name="user" value="root" />
<property name="password" value="Hudie" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置JdbcTemplate模板对象 -->
<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
业务层
<!-- service -->
<bean id="userService" class="com.gql.service.UserServiceImp">
<property name="userDao" ref="userDao"></property>
</bean>
数据访问层
<!-- dao -->
<bean id="userDao" class="com.gql.dao.UserDaoImp">
<property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"></property>
</bean>
7.配置事务管理器
<!-- 事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<!-- 注入 DataSource-->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
8.配置事务的通知
事务的通知：
- 配置事务的通知来引用事务管理器
- 告诉Spring容器采用哪种事务管理机制.
- 告诉Spring容器目标方法采用什么样的事务处理策略.
<!--
事务的通知:
1.告诉Spring容器采用哪种事务管理机制.
2.告诉Spring容器目标方法采用什么样的事务处理策略.
-->
<tx:advice id="tx" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<!--
name 规定目标方法
isolation 事务隔离级别,默认是default
propagation 传播机制,默认是REQUIREL
-->
<tx:method name="save" isolation="DEFAULT" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
通知内配置事务的属性
| 属性 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| read-only | 是否是只读事务。默认 false，不只读。 |
| isolation | 指定事务的隔离级别。默认值是使用数据库的默认隔离级别。 |
| propagation | 指定事务的传播行为。 |
| timeout | 指定超时时间。默认值为：-1。永不超时。 |
| rollback-for | 用于指定一个异常，当执行产生该异常时，事务回滚。产生其他异常，事务不回滚。没有默认值，任何异常都回滚。 |
| no-rollback-for | 用于指定一个异常，当产生该异常时，事务不回滚，产生其他异常时，事务回 |
| 滚。没有默认值，任何异常都回滚。 |
9.配置 AOP 切入点表达式
<!-- AOP切入点表达式 -->
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut expression="execution (* com.gql.service.UserServiceImp.*(..))" id="point" />
<!-- 切入点表达式和事务的对应关系 -->
<aop:advisor advice-ref="tx" pointcut-ref="point" />
</aop:config>10.配置切入点表达式和事务通知的对应关系
<!-- AOP切入点表达式 -->
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut expression="execution (* com.gql.service.UserServiceImp.*(..))" id="point" />
<!-- 切入点表达式和事务的对应关系 -->
<aop:advisor advice-ref="tx" pointcut-ref="point" />
</aop:config>以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持编程网。
