创建实体类
@Data
public class Cat {
private String name;
private Integer age;
}@Data
public class Mouse {
private String name;
private Integer age;
}配置文件application.yml使用固定格式为属性注入数据
cartoon:
cat:
name: "图多盖洛"
age: 5
mouse:
name: "泰菲"
age: 6
业务类定义业务功能bean，在引导类通常使用@Import导入，解耦强制加载bean
使用@EnableConfigurationProperties注解设定使用属性类时加载bean
@Data
//当加载CartoonCatAndMouse类时将CartoonProperties类加载成bean，不用不加载，解耦合
@EnableConfigurationProperties(CartoonProperties.class)
public class CartoonCatAndMouse {
private Cat cat;
private Mouse mouse;
private CartoonProperties cartoonProperties;
public CartoonCatAndMouse(CartoonProperties cartoonProperties){
this.cartoonProperties = cartoonProperties;
cat = new Cat();
cat.setName(cartoonProperties.getCat()!=null && StringUtils.hasText(cartoonProperties.getCat().getName()) ? cartoonProperties.getCat().getName() : "tom");
cat.setAge(cartoonProperties.getCat()!=null && cartoonProperties.getCat().getAge()!=null ? cartoonProperties.getCat().getAge() : 3);
mouse = new Mouse();
mouse.setName(cartoonProperties.getMouse()!=null && StringUtils.hasText(cartoonProperties.getMouse().getName()) ? cartoonProperties.getMouse().getName() : "jerry");
mouse.setAge(cartoonProperties.getMouse()!=null && cartoonProperties.getMouse().getAge()!=null ? cartoonProperties.getMouse().getAge() : 4);
}
public void play(){
System.out.println(cat.getAge()+"岁的"+cat.getName()+"和"+ mouse.getAge()+"岁的"+mouse.getName()+"打起来了");
}
}将业务功能bean运行需要的资源抽取长独立的属性类，设置读取配置文件的信息
@Data
//类与配置文件绑定
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "cartoon")
public class CartoonProperties {
private Cat cat;
private Mouse mouse;
}测试：
@SpringBootApplication
//当运行时将CartoonCatAndMouse类加载成bean，不允许不加载
@Import(CartoonCatAndMouse.class)
public class Demo15SpringbootBeanpropertiesApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ConfigurableApplicationContext ctx = SpringApplication.run(Demo15SpringbootBeanpropertiesApplication.class, args);
CartoonCatAndMouse bean = ctx.getBean(CartoonCatAndMouse.class);
bean.play();
}
}
总结：
- 业务bean的属性可以为其设定默认值
- 当需要设置时通过配置文件传递属性
- 业务bean应尽量避免设置强制加载，而是根据需要导入后加载，降低spring容器管理bean的强度
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