本文章向大家介绍利用golang怎么实现一个微信支付功能的基本知识点总结和需要注意事项，具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友可以参考一下。
golang的优点有哪些
golang是一种编译语言，可以将代码编译为机器代码，编译后的二进制文件可以直接部署到目标机器而无需额外的依赖，所以golang的性能优于其他的解释性语言，且可以在golang中使用goroutine来实现并发性，它提供了一个非常优雅的goroutine调度程序系统，可以很容易地生成数百万个goroutine。
一、准备阶段
获取私钥
官方文档 https://kf.qq.com/faq/161222N...
获取私钥证书的序列号 https://pay.weixin.qq.com/wik...
openssl x509 -in 1900009191_20180326_cert.pem -noout -serialserial=1DDE55AD98ED71D6EDD4A4A16996DE7B47773A8C私钥获取后有三个文件
apiclient_key.p12 apiclient_cert.pem apiclient_key.pem本次示例程序中，使用的是文件 apiclient_key.pem内容
获取公钥(平台证书)
官方文档
更新证书 https://pay.weixin.qq.com/wik...
平台证书会提前10天生成新证书，微信官方推荐在旧证书过期前5-10天部署新证书
获取证书API文档 https://pay.weixin.qq.com/wik...
身份证认证信息生成文档 https://pay.weixin.qq.com/wik...
常量
const appId = "" // 小程序或者公众号的appidconst mchId = "" // 微信支付的商户idconst privateSerialNo = "" // 私钥证书号const aesKey = "" // 微信支付aes key生成数字签名
// 对消息的散列值进行数字签名func signPKCS1v15(msg, privateKey []byte, hashType crypto.Hash) ([]byte, error) { block, _ := pem.Decode(privateKey) if block == nil { return nil, errors.New("private key decode error") } pri, err := x509.ParsePKCS8PrivateKey(block.Bytes) if err != nil { return nil, errors.New("parse private key error") } key, ok := pri.(*rsa.PrivateKey) if ok == false { return nil, errors.New("private key format error") } sign, err := rsa.SignPKCS1v15(cryptoRand.Reader, key, hashType, msg) if err != nil { return nil, errors.New("sign error") } return sign, nil}// base编码func base64EncodeStr(src []byte) string { return base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(src)}生成身份认证信息
func authorization(method string, paramMap map[string]interface{}, rawUrl string) (token string, err error) { var body string if len(paramMap) != 0 { paramJsonBytes, err := json.Marshal(paramMap) if err != nil { return token, err } body = string(paramJsonBytes) } urlPart, err := url.Parse(rawUrl) if err != nil { return token, err } canonicalUrl := urlPart.RequestURI() timestamp := time.Now().Unix() nonce := getRandomString(32) message := fmt.Sprintf("%s\n%s\n%d\n%s\n%s\n", method, canonicalUrl, timestamp, nonce, body) open, err := os.Open("/Users/apple/data/www/go/work/src/study/testwechantpay/private.pem") if err != nil { return token, err } defer open.Close() privateKey, err := ioutil.ReadAll(open) if err != nil { return token, err } signBytes, err := signPKCS1v15(hasha256(message), privateKey, crypto.SHA256) if err != nil { return token, err } sign := base64EncodeStr(signBytes) token = fmt.Sprintf("mchid=\"%s\",nonce_str=\"%s\",timestamp=\"%d\",serial_no=\"%s\",signature=\"%s\"", mchId, nonce, timestamp, privateSerialNo, sign) return token, nil}报文解密
func decryptGCM(aesKey, nonceV, ciphertextV, additionalDataV string) ([]byte, error) { key := []byte(aesKey) nonce := []byte(nonceV) additionalData := []byte(additionalDataV) ciphertext, err := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(ciphertextV) if err != nil { return nil, err } block, err := aes.NewCipher(key) if err != nil { return nil, err } aesGCM, err := cipher.NewGCM(block) if err != nil { return nil, err } plaintext, err := aesGCM.Open(nil, nonce, ciphertext, additionalData) if err != nil { return nil, err } return plaintext, err}获取平台证书
// 获取公钥const publicKeyUrl = "https://api.mch.weixin.qq.com/v3/certificates"type TokenResponse struct { Data []TokenResponseData `json:"data"`}type TokenResponseData struct { EffectiveTime string `json:"effective_time"` EncryptCertificate EncryptCertificate `json:"encrypt_certificate"` ExpireTime string `json:"expire_time"` SerialNo string `json:"serial_no"`}type EncryptCertificate struct { Algorithm string `json:"algorithm"` AssociatedData string `json:"associated_data"` Ciphertext string `json:"ciphertext"` Nonce string `json:"nonce"`}var publicSyncMap sync.Map// 获取公钥func getPublicKey() (key string, err error) { var prepareTime int64 = 24 * 3600 * 3 // 证书提前三天过期旧证书，获取新证书 nowTime := time.Now().Unix() // 读取公钥缓存数据 cacheValueKey := fmt.Sprintf("app_id:%s:public_key:value", appId) cacheExpireTimeKey := fmt.Sprintf("app_id:%s:public_key:expire_time", appId) cacheValue, keyValueOk := publicSyncMap.Load(cacheValueKey) cacheExpireTime, expireTimeOk := publicSyncMap.Load(cacheExpireTimeKey) if keyValueOk && expireTimeOk { // 格式化时间 local, _ := time.LoadLocation("Local") location, _ := time.ParseInLocation(time.RFC3339, cacheExpireTime.(string), local) // 判断是否过期，证书没有过期直接返回 if location.Unix()-prepareTime > nowTime { return cacheValue.(string), nil } } token, err := authorization(http.MethodGet, nil, publicKeyUrl) if err != nil { return key, err } request, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, publicKeyUrl, nil) if err != nil { return key, err } request.Header.Add("Authorization", "WECHATPAY2-SHA256-RSA2048 "+token) request.Header.Add("User-Agent", "用户代理(https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_agent)") request.Header.Add("Content-type", "application/json;charset='utf-8'") request.Header.Add("Accept", "application/json") client := http.DefaultClient response, err := client.Do(request) if err != nil { return key, err } defer response.Body.Close() bodyBytes, err := ioutil.ReadAll(response.Body) if err != nil { return key, err } //fmt.Println(string(bodyBytes)) var tokenResponse TokenResponse if err = json.Unmarshal(bodyBytes, &tokenResponse); err != nil { return key, err } for _, encryptCertificate := range tokenResponse.Data { // 格式化时间 local, _ := time.LoadLocation("Local") location, err := time.ParseInLocation(time.RFC3339, encryptCertificate.ExpireTime, local) if err != nil { return key, err } // 判断是否过期，证书没有过期直接返回 if location.Unix()-prepareTime > nowTime { decryptBytes, err := decryptGCM(aesKey, encryptCertificate.EncryptCertificate.Nonce, encryptCertificate.EncryptCertificate.Ciphertext, encryptCertificate.EncryptCertificate.AssociatedData) if err != nil { return key, err } key = string(decryptBytes) publicSyncMap.Store(cacheValueKey, key) publicSyncMap.Store(cacheExpireTimeKey, encryptCertificate.ExpireTime) return key, nil } } return key, errors.New("get public key error")}二、发起微信支付
jsapi 发起支付
调用统一下单接口
统一下单接口文档 https://pay.weixin.qq.com/wik...
// 统一下单接口func commonPay() (payResMap map[string]string, err error) { payResMap = make(map[string]string) amount := 10 paramMap := make(map[string]interface{}) paramMap["appid"] = appId paramMap["mchid"] = mchId paramMap["description"] = fmt.Sprintf("微信充值:￥%d", amount) paramMap["out_trade_no"] = fmt.Sprintf("test%s%s", time.Now().Format("20060102150405"), randNumber()) paramMap["notify_url"] = "http://tools.localhost/notify" paramMap["amount"] = map[string]interface{}{"total": amount * 100, "currency": "CNY"} paramMap["payer"] = map[string]string{"openid": "opCO05utXkPQh4Vje13WjEdQpAZ4"} token, err := authorization(http.MethodPost, paramMap, commonPayUrl) if err != nil { return payResMap, err } marshal, _ := json.Marshal(paramMap) request, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, commonPayUrl, bytes.NewReader(marshal)) if err != nil { return payResMap, err } request.Header.Add("Authorization", "WECHATPAY2-SHA256-RSA2048 "+token) request.Header.Add("User-Agent", "用户代理(https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_agent)") request.Header.Add("Content-type", "application/json;charset='utf-8'") request.Header.Add("Accept", "application/json") client := http.DefaultClient response, err := client.Do(request) if err != nil { return payResMap, err } defer func() { response.Body.Close() }() bodyBytes, err := ioutil.ReadAll(response.Body) if err != nil { return payResMap, err } if err = json.Unmarshal(bodyBytes, &payResMap); err != nil { return payResMap, err } if payResMap["prepay_id"] == "" { return payResMap, errors.New("code:" + payResMap["code"] + "err:" + payResMap["message"]) } return payResMap, nil}生成jsapi发起支付
JSAPI 调起支付接口文档 https://pay.weixin.qq.com/wik...
func jsApi(payResMap map[string]string) (payJson string, err error) { payMap := make(map[string]string) timeStamp := time.Now().Unix() nonce := getRandomString(32) packageStr := "prepay_id=" + payResMap["prepay_id"] payMap["appId"] = appId payMap["timeStamp"] = fmt.Sprintf("%v", timeStamp) payMap["nonceStr"] = nonce payMap["package"] = packageStr // 签名 message := fmt.Sprintf("%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n", appId, fmt.Sprintf("%v", timeStamp), nonce, packageStr) open, err := os.Open("/Users/apple/data/www/go/work/src/study/testwechantpay/private.pem") if err != nil { return payJson, err } defer open.Close() privateKey, err := ioutil.ReadAll(open) if err != nil { return payJson, err } signBytes, err := signPKCS1v15(hasha256(message), privateKey, crypto.SHA256) if err != nil { return payJson, err } sign := base64EncodeStr(signBytes) payMap["signType"] = sign payMap["paySign"] = "RSA" payJsonBytes, err := json.Marshal(payMap) if err != nil { return payJson, err } payJson = string(payJsonBytes) return payJson, nil}前台发起支付js
需要加载微信js http://res.wx.qq.com/open/js/jweixin-1.6.0.js
调用微信js需要在微信支付平台，设置支付目录
指引文档 https://pay.weixin.qq.com/wik...
<script type="text/javascript" src="__STATIC__/frontend/js/jquery.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="http://res.wx.qq.com/open/js/jweixin-1.6.0.js"></script><script> $(function () { $(".am-btn").click(function () { var score = $(".score div input:checked").val(); $.post("发起微信支付后端接口URL", {"score": score}, function (res) { if (res.status === 500) { alert(res.message); return; } if (typeof WeixinJSBridge == "undefined") { if (document.addEventListener) { document.addEventListener('WeixinJSBridgeReady', onBridgeReady, false); } else if (document.attachEvent) { document.attachEvent('WeixinJSBridgeReady', onBridgeReady); document.attachEvent('onWeixinJSBridgeReady', onBridgeReady); } } else { onBridgeReady(res); } }) }) function onBridgeReady(param) { var orderId = param.data.orderId; WeixinJSBridge.invoke('getBrandWCPayRequest', { "appId": param.data.appId, "timeStamp": param.data.timeStamp, "nonceStr": param.data.nonceStr, "package": param.data.package, "signType": param.data.signType, "paySign": param.data.paySign }, function (res) { if (res.err_msg === "get_brand_wcpay_request:ok") { window.location.href = "{:url('index/order/successful')}?order_id=" + orderId; } }); } }) </script>三、异步通知
签名校验
文档 https://pay.weixin.qq.com/wik...
验证签名
//验证数字签名func VerifyRsaSign(msg []byte, sign []byte, publicStr []byte, hashType crypto.Hash) bool { //pem解码 block, _ := pem.Decode(publicStr) //x509解码 publicKeyInterface, err := x509.ParseCertificate(block.Bytes) if err != nil { panic(err) } publicKey := publicKeyInterface.PublicKey.(*rsa.PublicKey) //验证数字签名 err = rsa.VerifyPKCS1v15(publicKey, hashType, msg, sign) //crypto.SHA1 return err == nil}// 验证签名func notifyValidate(timeStamp ,nonce,rawPost,signature string) (bool, error) { signature = base64DecodeStr(signature) message := fmt.Sprintf("%s\n%s\n%s\n", timeStamp, nonce, rawPost) publicKey, err := getPublicKey() if err != nil { return false, err } return VerifyRsaSign(hasha256(message), []byte(signature), []byte(publicKey), crypto.SHA256), nil}报文解密
type NotifyResponse struct { CreateTime string `json:"create_time"` Resource NotifyResource `json:"resource"`}type NotifyResource struct { Ciphertext string `json:"ciphertext"` AssociatedData string `json:"associated_data"` Nonce string `json:"nonce"`}func notifyDecrypt(rawPost string) (decrypt string, err error) { var notifyResponse NotifyResponse if err = json.Unmarshal([]byte(rawPost), ¬ifyResponse); err != nil { return decrypt, err } decryptBytes, err := decryptGCM(aesKey, notifyResponse.Resource.Nonce, notifyResponse.Resource.Ciphertext, notifyResponse.Resource.AssociatedData) if err != nil { return decrypt, err } decrypt = string(decryptBytes) return decrypt, nil}四、查询订单
文档 https://pay.weixin.qq.com/wik...
查询订单
const searchTradeUrl = "https://api.mch.weixin.qq.com/v3/pay/transactions/out-trade-no/%s?mchid=%s"// 查询交易func searchTrade(orderId string) (trade string, err error) { rawUrl := fmt.Sprintf(searchTradeUrl, orderId, mchId) token, err := authorization(http.MethodGet, nil, rawUrl) if err != nil { return trade, err } request, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, rawUrl, nil) if err != nil { return trade, err } request.Header.Add("Authorization", "WECHATPAY2-SHA256-RSA2048 "+token) request.Header.Add("User-Agent", "用户代理(https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_agent)") request.Header.Add("Content-type", "application/json;charset='utf-8'") request.Header.Add("Accept", "application/json") client := http.DefaultClient response, err := client.Do(request) if err != nil { return trade, err } defer response.Body.Close() bodyBytes, err := ioutil.ReadAll(response.Body) if err != nil { return trade, err } return string(bodyBytes), nil}五、申请退款
文档 https://pay.weixin.qq.com/wik...
申请退款
const refundUrl = "https://api.mch.weixin.qq.com/v3/refund/domestic/refunds"func refundTrade(orderId string, amount float64) (trade string, err error) { paramMap := make(map[string]interface{}) paramMap["out_trade_no"] = orderId paramMap["out_refund_no"] = orderId + "-1" paramMap["amount"] = map[string]interface{}{"refund": amount * 100, "total": amount * 100, "currency": "CNY"} token, err := authorization(http.MethodPost, paramMap, refundUrl) if err != nil { return trade, err } marshal, _ := json.Marshal(paramMap) request, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, refundUrl, bytes.NewReader(marshal)) if err != nil { return trade, err } request.Header.Add("Authorization", "WECHATPAY2-SHA256-RSA2048 "+token) request.Header.Add("User-Agent", "用户代理(https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_agent)") request.Header.Add("Content-type", "application/json;charset='utf-8'") request.Header.Add("Accept", "application/json") client := http.DefaultClient response, err := client.Do(request) if err != nil { return trade, err } defer func() { response.Body.Close() }() bodyBytes, err := ioutil.ReadAll(response.Body) if err != nil { return trade, err } return string(bodyBytes), nil}以上就是小编为大家带来的利用golang怎么实现一个微信支付功能的全部内容了，希望大家多多支持编程网！
