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问题内容我有一个工作正常的 docker 文件。然而,要远程调试它,我读到我需要在其上安装 dlv
,然后我需要运行 dlv 并传递我尝试调试的应用程序的参数。因此,在其上安装 dlv 并尝试运行它之后。我收到错误
exec /dlv: no such file or directory
这是docker文件
FROM golang:1.18-alpine AS builder
# Build Delve for debugging
RUN go install github.com/go-delve/delve/cmd/dlv@latest
# Create and change to the app directory.
WORKDIR /app
ENV CGO_ENABLED=0
# Retrieve application dependencies.
COPY go.* ./
RUN go mod download
# Copy local code to the container image.
COPY . ./
# Build the binary.
RUN go build -gcflags="all=-N -l" -o fooapp
# Use the official Debian slim image for a lean production container.
FROM debian:buster-slim
EXPOSE 8000 40000
RUN set -x && apt-get update && DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y \
ca-certificates && \
rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
# Copy the binary to the production image from the builder stage.
#COPY --from=builder /app/fooapp /app/fooapp #commented this out
COPY --from=builder /go/bin/dlv /dlv
# Run dlv as pass fooapp as parameter
CMD ["/dlv", "--listen=:40000", "--headless=true", "--api-version=2", "--accept-multiclient", "exec", "/app/fooapp"]
上面的结果是exec /dlv: no such file or directory
我不确定为什么会发生这种情况。作为 docker 的新手,我尝试了不同的方法来调试它。我尝试使用 dive
来检查图像的路径 /dlv
中是否有 dlv
,并且确实如此。我还附上了它的图片
正确答案
您在基于 alpine
的发行版中构建了 dlv
。 dlv
可执行文件链接到 libc.musl
:
# ldd dlv
linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffcd251d000)
libc.musl-x86_64.so.1 => not found
但随后您切换到基于 glibc
的映像 debian:buster-slim
。该图像没有所需的库。
# find / -name libc.musl*
<nothing found>
这就是为什么您无法执行 dlv
- 动态链接器无法找到正确的库。
您需要构建基于 glibc
的 docker。例如替换第一行
from golang:bullseye as builder
顺便说一句。构建后,您需要在特权模式下运行容器
$ docker build . -t try-dlv
...
$ docker run --privileged --rm try-dlv
api server listening at: [::]:40000
2022-10-30t10:51:02z warning layer=rpc listening for remote connections (connections are not authenticated nor encrypted)
在非特权容器中,dlv
不允许生成子进程。
$ docker run --rm try-dlv
api server listening at: [::]:40000
2022-10-30t10:55:46z warning layer=rpc listening for remote connections (connections are not authenticated nor encrypted)
could not launch process: fork/exec /app/fooapp: operation not permitted
非常小的图像
您使用 debian:buster-slim
来最小化图像,它的大小为 80 mb。但如果您需要非常小的图像,请使用busybox
,它的开销只有4.86 mb。
from golang:bullseye as builder
# build delve for debugging
run go install github.com/go-delve/delve/cmd/dlv@latest
# create and change to the app directory.
workdir /app
env cgo_enabled=0
# retrieve application dependencies.
copy go.* ./
run go mod download
# copy local code to the container image.
copy . ./
# build the binary.
run go build -o fooapp .
# download certificates
run set -x && apt-get update && debian_frontend=noninteractive apt-get install -y \
ca-certificates
# use the official debian slim image for a lean production container.
from busybox:glibc
expose 8000 40000
# copy the binary to the production image from the builder stage.
copy --from=builder /app/fooapp /app/fooapp
# copy --from=builder /app/ /app
copy --from=builder /go/bin/dlv /dlv
copy --from=builder /etc/ssl /etc/ssl
# run dlv as pass fooapp as parameter
cmd ["/dlv", "--listen=:40000", "--headless=true", "--api-version=2", "--accept-multiclient", "exec", "/app/fooapp"]
# entrypoint ["/bin/sh"]
图像大小为 25 mb,其中 18 mb 来自 dlv
,2 mb 来自 hello world
应用程序。
在选择图像时,应注意与 libc
具有相同的风格。 golang:bullseye
链接到 glibc
。因此,最小图像必须是基于 glibc
的。
但如果您想要更舒适一点,请使用安装了 gcompat
软件包的 alpine
。与 busybox
相比,它是一个相当丰富的 linux,具有大量外部软件包,仅额外增加 6 mb。
from golang:bullseye as builder
# build delve for debugging
run go install github.com/go-delve/delve/cmd/dlv@latest
# create and change to the app directory.
workdir /app
env cgo_enabled=0
# copy local code to the container image.
copy . ./
# retrieve application dependencies.
run go mod tidy
# build the binary.
run go build -o fooapp .
# use alpine lean production container.
# from busybox:glibc
from alpine:latest
# gcompat is the package to glibc-based apps
# ca-certificates contains trusted tls ca certs
# bash is just for the comfort, i hate /bin/sh
run apk add gcompat ca-certificates bash
expose 8000 40000
# copy the binary to the production image from the builder stage.
copy --from=builder /app/fooapp /app/fooapp
# copy --from=builder /app/ /app
copy --from=builder /go/bin/dlv /dlv
# run dlv as pass fooapp as parameter
cmd ["/dlv", "--listen=:40000", "--headless=true", "--api-version=2", "--accept-multiclient", "exec", "/app/fooapp"]
# entrypoint ["/bin/bash"]
tl;dr
运行 apt-get install musl
,然后 /dlv
应该按预期工作。
说明
请按照以下步骤操作:
docker run -it <image-name> sh
apt-获取安装文件
文件 /dlv
然后您可以看到以下输出:
/dlv: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib/ld-musl-x86_64.so.1, Go BuildID=xV8RHgfpp-zlDlpElKQb/DOLzpvO_A6CJb7sj1Nxf/aCHlNjW4ruS1RXQUbuCC/JgrF83mgm55ntjRnBpHH, not stripped
令人困惑的no这样的文件或目录
(相关讨论参见this question)是由于缺少/lib/ld-musl-x86_64.so.1
引起的。
因此,解决方案是按照its documentation安装musl
库。
我的回答受到 this answer 的启发。
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