获取Prometheus监控数据
获取Prometheus target数据
调用http://<prometheus.address>/api/v1/targets并解析。
def getTargetsStatus(address):
url = address + '/api/v1/targets'
response = requests.request('GET', url)
if response.status_code == 200:
targets = response.json()['data']['activeTargets']
aliveNum, totalNum = 0, 0
downList = []
for target in targets:
totalNum += 1
if target['health'] == 'up':
aliveNum += 1
else:
downList.append(target['labels']['instance'])
print('-----------------------TargetsStatus--------------------------')
print(str(aliveNum) + ' in ' + str(totalNum) + ' Targets are alive !!!')
print('--------------------------------------------------------------')
for down in downList:
print('\033[31m\033[1m' + down + '\033[0m' + ' down !!!')
print('-----------------------TargetsStatus--------------------------')
else:
print('\033[31m\033[1m' + 'Get targets status failed!' + '\033[0m')获取Prometheus 监控信息(cpu、mem、disks)
调用http://<prometheus.address>/api/v1/query?query=<expr>并解析，其中expr为prometheus的查询语句。
### 定义cpu、mem、disks使用率的空字典
diskUsageDict = {}
cpuUsageDict = {}
memUsageDict = {}
### 定义采集时间间隔 s
monitorInterval = 5
### 定义超时告警时间 s
diskAlertTime = 5
cpuAlertTime = 300
memAlertTime = 300
### 定义告警阈值 %
diskThreshold = 80
cpuThreshold = 60
memThreshold = 70
def queryUsage(address, expr):
url = address + '/api/v1/query?query=' + expr
try:
return json.loads(requests.get(url=url).content.decode('utf8', 'ignore'))
except Exception as e:
print(e)
return {}
def orderUsageDict(usageDict, currentTime, monitorInterval):
'''
:param usageDict: 资源使用率字典
:param usageDict: 资源使用率字典
:param currentTime: 当前获取监控数据的时间节点
:return:
:description: 剔除字典中不满足连续超出阈值的数据
'''
for key in list(usageDict.keys()):
if currentTime - usageDict[key][1] >= monitorInterval:
usageDict.pop(key)
def getCurrentUsageGreater(address, record, threshold, usageDict, monitorInterval):
'''
:param address: Prometheus address
:param record: Prometheus rules record
:param threshold: 阈值
:param usageDict: 资源使用率字典
:param monitorInterval: 监控时间间隔
:return:
:description: 获取资源使用率大于阈值的数据
'''
expr = record + '>=' + str(threshold)
usage = queryUsage(address=address, expr=expr)
currentTime = 0
if 'data' in usage and usage['data']['result']:
for metric in usage['data']['result']:
instance = metric['metric']['instance']
if record == 'node:fs_usage:ratio' or record == 'node:fs_root_usage:ratio':
metricLabel = instance + ':' + metric['metric']['mountpoint']
else:
metricLabel = instance
utctime = metric['value'][0]
value = metric['value'][1]
describe = record.split(':')[1]
if not metricLabel in usageDict.keys():
usageDict[metricLabel] = (utctime, utctime, describe, value)
else:
startTime = usageDict.get(metricLabel)[0]
usageDict[metricLabel] = (startTime, utctime, describe, value)
currentTime = utctime
orderUsageDict(usageDict=usageDict, currentTime=currentTime, monitorInterval=monitorInterval)
def printUsageDict(usageDict, alertTime):
'''
:param usageDict: 资源使用率字典
:param alertTime: 监控告警时间
:return:
:description: 打印出超过监控告警时间的数据
'''
for key, value in usageDict.items():
deltaT = value[1] - value[0]
if deltaT >= alertTime:
print(key + ' ----- ' + value[2] + '\033[31m\033[1m ' + str(value[3]) + '\033[0m ----- lasted for\033[31m\033[1m %.2f \033[0mseconds' % deltaT)
def monitorUsageGreater(address):
'''
:param address: Prometheus address
:return:
:description: 持续监控并输出数据
'''
while True:
getCurrentUsageGreater(address, 'node:fs_usage:ratio', diskThreshold, diskUsageDict, monitorInterval)
printUsageDict(diskUsageDict, alertTime=diskAlertTime)
getCurrentUsageGreater(address, 'node:memory_usage:ratio', cpuThreshold, memUsageDict, monitorInterval)
printUsageDict(memUsageDict, alertTime=memAlertTime)
getCurrentUsageGreater(address, 'node:cpu_usage:ratio', memThreshold, cpuUsageDict, monitorInterval)
printUsageDict(cpuUsageDict, alertTime=cpuAlertTime)
time.sleep(monitorInterval)
其中有一些使用细节，比如统一资源标识符URI的构建，将HttpEntity用UTF-8编码方式转换为字符串再解析为JSON对象，我都写在注释里了。
String paramValue="http_requests_total";
//HTTP客户端连接工具
CloseableHttpClient httpClient=HttpClients.createDefault();
//参数里有特殊字符，不能直接写成String（会报Illegal Character错误），用URIBuilder构造。
URIBuilder uri=null;
HttpGet get =null;
try {
//一对参数，使用addParameter(param: ,value:)这个方法添加参数。
//若多对参数，使用第二种方法（但其实在这里没有这种情况）：uri.addParameters(List<NameValuePair>);
//这里的ip，port换成你的Prometheus的ip+port。paramValue要自己定义，比如http_request_total
uri=new URIBuilder("http://ip:port/api/v1/query");
uri.addParameter("query",paramValue);
//uri此时是http://ip:port/api/v1/query?query=http_requests_total
get=new HttpGet(uri.build());
} catch (URISyntaxException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
JSONObject jsonObject=null;
CloseableHttpResponse response=null;
try {
// 执行请求并接收+转换 得到jsonObject就可以解析了。
response = httpClient.execute(get);
String resStr= EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),"UTF-8");
jsonObject=JSONObject.parseObject(resStr);
通过promsql读取prometheus内的数据
需求是python读取prometheus内的数据，做数据处理后入库到mysql。这里主要说一下，python如何使用官方api通过promsql查询prom内的数据。
官方提供的api为：
http://ip:port/api/v1/query?query=样例如下:
html = urllib.request.urlopen('http://ip:port/api/v1/query?query=count(node_cpu_seconds_total{job="%s",mode="idle"})' %(s))
data = html.read().decode("utf-8")
json = json.loads(data)返回值为json类型，如下图：
具体的json各位自己分析，瞬时值为value，值内数据，第一位是时间戳，第二位为查询的结果值
区间向量返回值为values,也比较好理解。
还有个需求需要查询之前的数据，比如前一天，月初一周之类的，可以使用如下api：
http://ip:port/api/v1/query_range?query=avg(1-avg(rate(node_cpu_seconds_total{job="%s",mode="idle"}[5m]))by(instance))&start='+start+'&end='+end+'&step=15s其中start为采集开始时间，end为采集结束时间，step为步长，即多久设个采集点。
start和end的格式如下：
2021-11-01T00:00:00Z
获取方式可以采取以下方式：
获取每月的第一周数据，所以从每月一号零点开始到八号的零点
now = datetime.datetime.now()
start = datetime.datetime(now.year, now.month, 1)
end = datetime.datetime(now.year, now.month, 8)
# 格式转换：yyyy-mm-ddThh:MM:ssZ
start_trans = "T".join(str(start).split(" "))+"Z"
end_trans = "T".join(str(end).split(" "))+"Z"获取前一周的时间
now_time = datetime.datetime.now()
one_week_ago_time = now_time + datetime.timedelta(days=-7)
# 精确到毫秒
now = now_time.strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%f")
one_week_ago = one_week_ago_time.strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%f")
n = now[0:len(now)-7]+"Z"
one_week = one_week_ago[0:len(one_week_ago)-7]+"Z"如果获取时间周期太长，返回数据太多会导致报错，这时候可调整step大小，或者将时间段分成几天获取。
主要还是了解两个api，其他的都是小问题
以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持编程网。
