SpringBoot动态权限校验：从零到一实现高效、优雅的解决方案-编程学习网

@PreAuthorize("hasAuthority('ROLE_TELLER')") 
public Account post(Account account, double amount);

注：ROLE_TELLER是写死的。

后端系统的访问请求有以下几种类型：

登录、登出（可自定义url）
匿名用户可访问的接口（静态资源，demo示例等）
其他接口（在登录的前提下，继续判断访问者是否有权限访问）

2、环境搭建

依赖引入，包括SpringSecurity、Redis、RedisSession需要的依赖：



    org.springframework.boot
    spring-boot-starter-security
    2.3.4.RELEASE



    org.springframework.session
    spring-session-data-redis
    2.3.1.RELEASE



    org.springframework.boot
    spring-boot-starter-data-redis
    2.3.4.RELEASE

注：springBoot版本也是2.3.4.RELEASE，如果有版本对应问题，自行解决。有用到swagger，为了便于测试。

新建springSecurity配置类

继承自 WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter，过滤匿名用户可访问的接口。

WebSecurityConfig作为springSecurity的主配置文件。

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    
    
    @Override
    public void configure(WebSecurity web) {
        web.ignoring().antMatchers(
                "*.html",
                "*.css",
                "*.js",
                "/error",
                "/webjars
    public LoginFilter(UserVerifyAuthenticationProvider authenticationManager,
                       CustomAuthenticationSuccessHandler successHandler,
                       CustomAuthenticationFailureHandler failureHandler) {
        //设置认证管理器(对登录请求进行认证和授权)
        this.authenticationManager = authenticationManager;
        //设置认证成功后的处理类
        this.setAuthenticationSuccessHandler(successHandler);
        //设置认证失败后的处理类
        this.setAuthenticationFailureHandler(failureHandler);
        //可以自定义登录请求的url
        super.setFilterProcessesUrl("/myLogin");
    }

    @Override
    public Authentication attemptAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws AuthenticationException {
        try {
            //转换请求入参
            UserDTO loginUser = new ObjectMapper().readValue(request.getInputStream(), UserDTO.class);
            //入参传入认证管理器进行认证
            return authenticationManager.authenticate(
                    new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(loginUser.getUserName(), loginUser.getPassWord())
            );
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
    }
}

最后配置到WebSecurityConfig中：

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Autowired
    private UserVerifyAuthenticationProvider authenticationManager;//认证用户类

    @Autowired
    private CustomAuthenticationSuccessHandler successHandler;//登录认证成功处理类

    @Autowired
    private CustomAuthenticationFailureHandler failureHandler;//登录认证失败处理类

    
    @Override
    public void configure(WebSecurity web) {
        web.ignoring().antMatchers(
                "*.html",
                "*.css",
                "*.js",
                "/error",
                "/webjars
@Bean
public HttpSessionIdResolver httpSessionIdResolver() {
    return HeaderHttpSessionIdResolver.xAuthToken();
}

关于安全头信息可以参考：

https://docs.spring.io/spring-security/site/docs/5.2.1.BUILD-SNAPSHOT/reference/htmlsingle/#ns-headers

安全请求头需要设置WebSecurityConfig中加入

protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.authorizeRequests()
                //配置一些不需要登录就可以访问的接口
                .antMatchers("/demo
@Component
public class MyFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource implements FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource {

    @Autowired
    private RoleService roleService;

    
    @Override
    public Collection getAttributes(Object object) throws IllegalArgumentException {
        //入参转为HttpServletRequest
        FilterInvocation fi = (FilterInvocation) object;
        HttpServletRequest request = fi.getRequest();
        //从数据库中查询系统所有的权限，格式为<"权限url","能访问url的逗号分隔的roleid">
        List> allUrlRoleMap = roleService.getAllUrlRoleMap();
        for (Map urlRoleMap : allUrlRoleMap) {
            String url = urlRoleMap.get("url");
            String roles = urlRoleMap.get("roles");
            //new AntPathRequestMatcher创建httpUrl匹配器：里面url匹配规则已经给我们弄好了，
            // 能够支持校验PathVariable传参的url（例如：/getUserByName/{name}）
            // 也能支持 /user/getUserById 匹配 /user/getUserById?1
            AntPathRequestMatcher matcher = new AntPathRequestMatcher(url);
            if (matcher.matches(request)){ //当前请求与httpUrl匹配器进行匹配
                return SecurityConfig.createList(roles.split(","));
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public Collection getAllConfigAttributes() {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean supports(Class clazz) {
        return FilterInvocation.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz);
    }
}

注：
    1. 方案一是初始化的时候加载所有权限，一次就好了。
    2. 方案二每次请求都会去重新加载系统所有权限，好处就是不用担心权限修改的问题。（本次实现方案）
    3. 方案三利用Redis缓存

判断当前用户是否拥有访问当前url的角色

定义一个MyAccessDecisionManager：通过实现AccessDecisionManager接口自定义一个决策管理器，判断是否有访问权限。上一步MyFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource中返回的当前请求可以访问角色列表会传到这里的decide方法里面（如果没有角色的话，不会进入decide方法。

正常情况你访问的url必然和某个角色关联，如果没有关联就不应该可以访问）。decide方法传了当前登录用户拥有的角色，通过判断用户拥有的角色中是否有一个角色和当前url可以访问的角色匹配。如果匹配，权限校验通过。

package com.aliyu.security.provider;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDecisionManager;
import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException;
import org.springframework.security.access.ConfigAttribute;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AnonymousAuthenticationToken;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.InsufficientAuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.web.FilterInvocation;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Iterator;


@Component
public class MyAccessDecisionManager implements AccessDecisionManager {

    @Override
    public void decide(Authentication authentication, Object object, Collection configAttributes) throws AccessDeniedException, InsufficientAuthenticationException {
        //循环请求需要的角色，只要当前用户拥有的角色中包含请求需要的角色中的一个，就算通过。
        Iterator iterator = configAttributes.iterator();
        while(iterator.hasNext()){
            ConfigAttribute configAttribute = iterator.next();
            String needCode = configAttribute.getAttribute();
            //获取到了登录用户的所有角色
            Collection authorities = authentication.getAuthorities();
            for (GrantedAuthority authority : authorities) {
                if (StringUtils.equals(authority.getAuthority(), needCode)) {
                    return;
                }
            }
        }
        throw new AccessDeniedException("当前访问没有权限");
    }

    @Override
    public boolean supports(ConfigAttribute attribute) {
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean supports(Class clazz) {
        return FilterInvocation.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz);
    }
}

处理匿名用户访问无权限资源

1、定义一个CustomAuthenticationEntryPoint实现AuthenticationEntryPoint处理匿名用户访问无权限资源（可以理解为未登录的用户访问，确实有些接口是可以不登录也能访问的，比较少，我们在WebSecurityConfig已经配置过了。如果多的话，需要另外考虑从数据库中获取，并且权限需要加一个标志它为匿名用户可访问）。

package com.aliyu.security.handler;

import com.aliyu.common.util.JackJsonUtil;
import com.aliyu.entity.common.vo.ResponseFactory;
import com.aliyu.security.constant.MessageConstant;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.web.AuthenticationEntryPoint;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

import static com.aliyu.entity.common.exception.CodeMsgEnum.MOVED_PERMANENTLY;


public class CustomAuthenticationEntryPoint implements AuthenticationEntryPoint {

    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CustomAuthenticationEntryPoint.class);


    @Override
    public void commence(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException e) throws IOException {
        response.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE);
        response.setCharacterEncoding(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.toString());
        //原来不需要登录的接口，现在需要登录了，所以叫永久移动
        String message = JackJsonUtil.object2String(
                ResponseFactory.fail(MOVED_PERMANENTLY, MessageConstant.NOT_LOGGED_IN)
        );
        if (LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) {
            LOGGER.debug("未登录重定向!");
        }
        response.getWriter().write(message);
    }

}

处理登陆认证过的用户访问无权限资源

2、定义一个CustomAccessDeniedHandler 实现AccessDeniedHandler处理登陆认证过的用户访问无权限资源。

package com.aliyu.security.handler;

import com.aliyu.common.util.JackJsonUtil;
import com.aliyu.entity.common.exception.CodeMsgEnum;
import com.aliyu.entity.common.vo.ResponseFactory;
import com.aliyu.security.constant.MessageConstant;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException;
import org.springframework.security.web.access.AccessDeniedHandler;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;



public class CustomAccessDeniedHandler implements AccessDeniedHandler {

    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CustomAccessDeniedHandler.class);

    @Override
    public void handle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AccessDeniedException e) throws IOException {
        response.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE);
        response.setCharacterEncoding(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.toString());
        String message = JackJsonUtil.object2String(
                ResponseFactory.fail(CodeMsgEnum.UNAUTHORIZED, MessageConstant.NO_ACCESS)
        );
        if(LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()){
            LOGGER.debug("没有权限访问！");
        }
        response.getWriter().write(message);
    }


}

配置到WebSecurityConfig

package com.aliyu.security.config;

import com.aliyu.filter.LoginFilter;
import com.aliyu.security.handler.*;
import com.aliyu.security.provider.MyAccessDecisionManager;
import com.aliyu.security.provider.MyFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource;
import com.aliyu.security.provider.UserVerifyAuthenticationProvider;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.ObjectPostProcessor;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.WebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor;
import org.springframework.session.web.http.HeaderHttpSessionIdResolver;
import org.springframework.session.web.http.HttpSessionIdResolver;

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Autowired
    private UserVerifyAuthenticationProvider authenticationManager;//认证用户类

    @Autowired
    private CustomAuthenticationSuccessHandler successHandler;//登录认证成功处理类

    @Autowired
    private CustomAuthenticationFailureHandler failureHandler;//登录认证失败处理类

    @Autowired
    private MyFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource securityMetadataSource;//返回当前URL允许访问的角色列表
    @Autowired
    private MyAccessDecisionManager accessDecisionManager;//除登录登出外所有接口的权限校验

    
    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean(PasswordEncoder.class)
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }

    
    @Bean
    public HttpSessionIdResolver httpSessionIdResolver() {
        return HeaderHttpSessionIdResolver.xAuthToken();
    }
    
    @Override
    public void configure(WebSecurity web) {
        web.ignoring().antMatchers(
                "*.html",
                "*.css",
                "*.js",
                "/error",
                "/webjars/**",
                "/resources/**",
                "/swagger-ui.html",
                "/swagger-resources/**",
                "/v2/api-docs");
    }
    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.authorizeRequests()
                //配置一些不需要登录就可以访问的接口
                .antMatchers("/demo/**", "/about/**").permitAll()
                //任何尚未匹配的URL只需要用户进行身份验证
                .anyRequest().authenticated()
                //登录后的接口权限校验
                .withObjectPostProcessor(new ObjectPostProcessor() {
                    @Override
                    public  O postProcess(O object) {
                        object.setAccessDecisionManager(accessDecisionManager);
                        object.setSecurityMetadataSource(securityMetadataSource);
                        return object;
                    }
                })
                .and()
                //配置登出处理
                .logout().logoutUrl("/logout")
                .logoutSuccessHandler(new CustomLogoutSuccessHandler())
                .clearAuthentication(true)
                .and()
                //用来解决匿名用户访问无权限资源时的异常
                .exceptionHandling().authenticationEntryPoint(new CustomAuthenticationEntryPoint())
                //用来解决登陆认证过的用户访问无权限资源时的异常
                .accessDeniedHandler(new CustomAccessDeniedHandler())
                .and()
                //配置登录过滤器
                .addFilter(new LoginFilter(authenticationManager, successHandler, failureHandler))
                .csrf().disable();
        //配置头部
        http.headers()
                .contentTypeOptions()
                .and()
                .xssProtection()
                .and()
                //禁用缓存
                .cacheControl()
                .and()
                .httpStrictTransportSecurity()
                .and()
                //禁用页面镶嵌frame劫持安全协议  // 防止iframe 造成跨域
                .frameOptions().disable();
    }
}

3、其他

特别的，我们认为如果一个接口属于当前系统，那么它就应该有对应可以访问的角色。这样的接口才会被我们限制住。如果一个接口只是在当前系统定义了，而没有指明它的角色，这样的接口是不会被我们限制的。

注意点

下面的代码，本意是想配置一些不需要登录也可以访问的接口。

图片

但是测试的时候发现，任何接口的调用都会进入这里MyFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource getAttriButes方法，包括我webSecurityConfig里配置的不需要登录的url。结果就是不需要登录的url和没有配置角色的接口权限一样待遇，要么都能访问，要么都不能访问！！！

所以如上图，我在这里配置了不需要登录的接口（因为不知道如何从webSercurityConfig中获取，干脆就配置在这里了），去掉了webSercurityConfig中的相应配置。

文章详情

SpringBoot动态权限校验：从零到一实现高效、优雅的解决方案