本篇内容主要讲解“C#怎么使用udp实现消息的接收和发送”,感兴趣的朋友不妨来看看。本文介绍的方法操作简单快捷,实用性强。下面就让小编来带大家学习“C#怎么使用udp实现消息的接收和发送”吧!
使用udp实现消息的接收和发送
代码比较简单,但是别忘记关闭防火墙进行测试。
首先便是服务端,使用Socket进行实现,参考代码如下:
private static Socket udpServer; static void startUdpReceive() { Console.WriteLine("------startUdpReceive--"); udpServer = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Dgram, ProtocolType.Udp); udpServer.Bind(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("192.168.2.106"), 10023)); new Thread(ReceiveMessage) { IsBackground = true }.Start(); } private static void ReceiveMessage() { Console.WriteLine("------ReceiveMessage--"); while (true) { byte[] data = new byte[1024]; EndPoint endPoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0); int count = udpServer.ReceiveFrom(data, ref endPoint); if (count > 0) { string message = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(data, 0, count); Console.WriteLine ("-----从ip" + (endPoint as IPEndPoint).Address.ToString() + ":" + (endPoint as IPEndPoint).Port + "Get" + message); } } }
在绑定socket端口的时候,需要提供绑定的ip和端口号,如这里是
udpServer.Bind(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("192.168.2.106"), 10023));
本机ip是是192.168.2.106,绑定端口是10023。然后使用while循环监听消息。对于本机来说,也可以使用 udpServer.Bind(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 10023)); 只绑定端口,对于ip则不限制。
也可以不用Socket而是直接使用UdpClient类来写接收端,效果类似:
static UdpClient udpcRecv; public static void UdpServices() { try { IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse("192.168.2.106"); IPEndPoint remoteIpep = new IPEndPoint(ip, 10023); udpcRecv = new UdpClient(remoteIpep); Thread thrRecv = new Thread(ReceiveMessage22); thrRecv.IsBackground = true; thrRecv.Start(); } catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show("错误", "请检查网络"); } } private static void ReceiveMessage22() { IPEndPoint remoteIpep = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0); Console.WriteLine("-----remoteIpep:" + remoteIpep.Address + ":" + remoteIpep.Port); while (true) { try { byte[] bytRecv = udpcRecv.Receive(ref remoteIpep); string message = Encoding.UTF8.GetString( bytRecv, 0, bytRecv.Length); Console.WriteLine("-----reveice message:" + message); } catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show("UDP异常", ex.Message); } } }
接下来是发送端:
UdpClient udpClient = new UdpClient(); try { udpClient.Connect("192.168.2.106", 10023); Byte[] sendBytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("Is anybody there??????"); udpClient.Send(sendBytes, sendBytes.Length); } catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString()); }
如果代码爆红则应该是导包的问题,加入以下即可。
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.ComponentModel;using System.Data;using System.Drawing;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using System.Windows.Forms;using System.Net.Sockets;using System.Net;using System.Net.NetworkInformation;using System.Management;using System.Threading;
上面都写好后可以测试了,但是我却遇到了问题,后面才知道是电脑端防火墙没开导致,所以和电脑端调试网络通信的时候,需要关闭防火墙,才能收到数据。
C# 运用UDP
面试的时候偶尔会问到UDP和TCP的一个区别。
TCP是一种面向连接的、可靠的、基于字节流的传输层通信协议。举例:打电话,需要双方都接通,才能进行对话。特点:效率低,数据传输比较安全。
UDP是一种面向无连接的传输层通信协议。举例:发短信,不需要双方建立连接,但是,数据报的大小应限制在64k以内。特点:效率高,数据传输不安全,容易丢包
然后发现在网上查找关于C#运行UDP的实例,确实不好找,杂乱无章。痛定思痛!
进行一个简单的发送和接收测试。
目前,UDP本人亲自用过的场景,客户端和服务端需要进行数据传输,但是服务端,在开始时是连接的别的网络,切换过来之后,并不能知道当前的一个具体的IP地址。但是客户端的IP地址是固定的,此种场景下,服务端网络切换过来之后,建立UDP服务端,像指定的客户端(IP地址和端口号)发送数据,即可知道当前服务端的ip地址。
服务端界面
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.ComponentModel;using System.Data;using System.Drawing;using System.Linq;using System.Net;using System.Net.Sockets;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using System.Windows.Forms;namespace MyTest.UDP{ public partial class UDP_Sever : Form { IPEndPoint remotePoint; UdpClient sever = null; public UDP_Sever() { InitializeComponent(); } private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { IPAddress remoteIP = IPAddress.Parse(textBox1.Text.Trim()); //假设发送给这个IP int remotePort =int.Parse(textBox2.Text.Trim()); remotePoint = new IPEndPoint(remoteIP, remotePort);//实例化一个远程端点 sever = new UdpClient(); } private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(textBox3.Text.Trim())) { string sendString = textBox3.Text.Trim();//要发送的字符串 byte[] sendData = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(sendString);//要发送的字节数组 sever.Send(sendData, sendData.Length, remotePoint);//将数据发送到远程端点 textBox3.Text = ""; } } private void UDP_Sever_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e) { sever.Close(); } }}
客户端界面
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.ComponentModel;using System.Data;using System.Drawing;using System.Linq;using System.Net;using System.Net.Sockets;using System.Text;using System.Threading;using System.Threading.Tasks;using System.Windows.Forms;namespace MyTest.UDP{ public partial class UDP_Client : Form { UdpClient client = null; IPEndPoint remotePoint; string receiveString = null; byte[] receiveData = null; public UDP_Client() { InitializeComponent(); CheckForIllegalCrossThreadCalls = false; } private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //实例化一个远程端点,IP和端口可以随意指定,等调用client.Receive(ref remotePoint)时会将该端点改成真正发送端端点 remotePoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0); client = new UdpClient(int.Parse(textBox2.Text.Trim())); Thread thread = new Thread(Revice); thread.IsBackground = true; thread.Start(); } private void Revice() { while (true) { receiveData = client.Receive(ref remotePoint);//接收数据 receiveString = Encoding.Default.GetString(receiveData); listBox1.Items.Add(remotePoint.Address.ToString()+":"+ receiveString); } } }}
到此,相信大家对“C#怎么使用udp实现消息的接收和发送”有了更深的了解,不妨来实际操作一番吧!这里是编程网网站,更多相关内容可以进入相关频道进行查询,关注我们,继续学习!