前言
为什么要配置序列化:如果不配置序列化的话,我们在redis数据库中存储的数据可能以乱码形式显示出来,不方便我们判断数据存储的正确性,说白了就是序列化以后存进去的是什么,查询出来的就是什么,否则我们的键值都会变成一串看不懂的乱码。
为什么要封装RedisTemplate,因为如果不进行封装的话,大家请看,是不是有黄色的警告信息,看着起来很不舒服,RedisTemplate后面的尖括号可以填泛型,填写以后警告就消失了,但我们的类型很多,每次只能Autowired一个RedisTemplate,所以不能写尖括号内的类型,同时封装也能按照自己的习惯自定义方法,更好用。
一、引入依赖
只需要引入这一个就可以了,现在的版本里面包含了 lettuce ,所以不需要再额外引入 common-pool2
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
二、配置yml
因为我使用的是Springboot 3.0,所以配置层级是 spring-data-redis,如果你们的配置文件爆红,说明你们是旧版,那么把data去掉就可以了,直接是 spring-redis
server:
port: 8081
spring:
data:
redis:
#数据库索引
database: 0
#redis 服务器地址
host: 127.0.0.1
#redis 端口
port: 6379
#redis 密码 默认为空
password:
# 链接超时时间
connect-timeout: 10s
#lettuce连接池配置
lettuce:
pool:
# 链接池中最小的空闲链接 默认为0
min-idle: 0
# 链接池中最大的空闲连接 默认为 8
max-idle: 8
#连接池中最大数据库链接数 默认为8
max-active: 8
#连接池最大阻塞等待时间 负值表示没有限制
max-wait: -1ms
三、封装RedisTemplate
注意:我这里用的是 Java17 新增的 record 纪录类,如果你们是低版本的 JDK ,把 record 更换成 class ,然后注入RedisTemplate
package com.xuyijie.redisdemo.utils;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.*;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@Component
public record RedisUtil<K, V>(RedisTemplate<K, V> redisTemplate) {
@SuppressWarnings("all")
public RedisUtil {
}
private static final long DEFAULT_EXPIRE_TIME = 60 * 60 * 48;
public long getExpireTime(K key) {
return redisTemplate.getExpire(key, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
public void setExpireTime(K key, long expireTime) {
try {
if (expireTime > 0) {
redisTemplate.expire(key, expireTime, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void removeExpireTime(K key) {
redisTemplate.boundValueOps(key).persist();
}
public Set<K> keys(K key) {
return redisTemplate.keys(key);
}
public boolean hasKey(K key) {
try {
return Boolean.TRUE.equals(redisTemplate.hasKey(key));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
public void delete(Collection<K> keys) {
redisTemplate.delete(keys);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public Boolean setNx(String key, String value, long expire) {
return (Boolean) redisTemplate.execute((RedisCallback) connection -> {
Boolean acquire = connection.setNX(key.getBytes(), value.getBytes());
connection.expire(key.getBytes(), expire);
return acquire;
});
}
public void set(K key, V value) {
try {
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, value);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void set(K key, V value, long time) {
try {
if (time > 0) {
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, value, time, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
} else {
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, value);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public Long incrBy(String key, long number) {
return (Long) redisTemplate.execute((RedisCallback) connection
-> connection.incrBy(key.getBytes(), number));
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public Long decrBy(String key, long number) {
return (Long) redisTemplate.execute((RedisCallback) connection
-> connection.decrBy(key.getBytes(), number));
}
public Object get(K key) {
BoundValueOperations<K, V> boundValueOperations = redisTemplate.boundValueOps(key);
return boundValueOperations.get();
}
public void listRightPush(K key, V value) {
ListOperations<K, V> listOperations = redisTemplate.opsForList();
//从队列右插入
listOperations.rightPush(key, value);
}
public void listLeftPush(K key, V value) {
ListOperations<K, V> listOperations = redisTemplate.opsForList();
//从队列右插入
listOperations.leftPush(key, value);
}
public void listRightPushAll(K key, List<V> value) {
try {
redisTemplate.opsForList().rightPushAll(key, value);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void listLeftPushAll(K key, List<V> value) {
try {
redisTemplate.opsForList().leftPushAll(key, value);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public Object listGetWithIndex(K key, long index) {
try {
return redisTemplate.opsForList().index(key, index);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
public V listLeftPop(K key) {
ListOperations<K, V> listOperations = redisTemplate.opsForList();
return listOperations.leftPop(key);
}
public V listRightPop(K key) {
ListOperations<K, V> listOperations = redisTemplate.opsForList();
return listOperations.rightPop(key);
}
public List<V> listRange(K key, long start, long end) {
try {
ListOperations<K, V> listOperations = redisTemplate.opsForList();
return listOperations.range(key, start, end);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
public long listSize(K key) {
try {
return redisTemplate.opsForList().size(key);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return 0;
}
}
public void listSet(K key, long index, V value) {
try {
redisTemplate.opsForList().set(key, index, value);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public long listRemove(K key, long count, V value) {
try {
return redisTemplate.opsForList().remove(key, count, value);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return 0;
}
}
public Object hashGet(K key, String item) {
return redisTemplate.opsForHash().get(key, item);
}
public Map<Object, Object> hashMGet(K key) {
return redisTemplate.opsForHash().entries(key);
}
public void hashMSet(K key, Map<String, Object> map) {
try {
redisTemplate.opsForHash().putAll(key, map);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void hashMSet(K key, Map<String, Object> map, long expireTime) {
try {
redisTemplate.opsForHash().putAll(key, map);
if (expireTime > 0) {
redisTemplate.expire(key, expireTime, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public <HK, HV> void hashPut(K key, HK hKey, HV value) {
try {
HashOperations<K, HK, HV> hashOperations = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
hashOperations.put(key, hKey, value);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public <HK, HV> void hashPut(K key, HK hKey, HV value, long expireTime) {
try {
redisTemplate.opsForHash().put(key, hKey, value);
if (expireTime > 0) {
redisTemplate.expire(key, expireTime, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public <HK, HV> boolean hashHasKey(K key, HK hKey) {
HashOperations<K, HK, HV> hashOperations = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
return hashOperations.hasKey(key, hKey);
}
public <HK, HV> List<HV> hashValues(K key) {
HashOperations<K, HK, HV> hashOperations = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
return hashOperations.values(key);
}
public <HK, HV> Set<HK> hashHKeys(K key) {
HashOperations<K, HK, HV> hashOperations = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
return hashOperations.keys(key);
}
public <HK, HV> Long hashDelete(K key, Object... hashKeys) {
HashOperations<K, HK, HV> hashOperations = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
return hashOperations.delete(key, hashKeys);
}
public void setAdd(K key, V... values) {
redisTemplate.opsForSet().add(key, values);
}
public void setAdd(K key, long expireTime, V... values) {
redisTemplate.opsForSet().add(key, values);
if (expireTime > 0) {
redisTemplate.expire(key, expireTime, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
}
public long setSize(K key) {
try {
return redisTemplate.opsForSet().size(key);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return 0;
}
}
public Set<V> setValues(K key) {
SetOperations<K, V> setOperations = redisTemplate.opsForSet();
return setOperations.members(key);
}
public boolean setHasKey(K key, V value) {
return Boolean.TRUE.equals(redisTemplate.opsForSet().isMember(key, value));
}
public Long setDelete(K key, Object... value) {
SetOperations<K, V> setOperations = redisTemplate.opsForSet();
return setOperations.remove(key, value);
}
public void zSetAdd(K key, V value, long score) {
ZSetOperations<K, V> zSetOperations = redisTemplate.opsForZSet();
zSetOperations.add(key, value, score);
}
public Set<V> zSetValuesRange(K key, long score1, long score2) {
ZSetOperations<K, V> zSetOperations = redisTemplate.opsForZSet();
return zSetOperations.range(key, score1, score2);
}
public Long zSetDeleteByValue(K key, Object... value) {
ZSetOperations<K, V> zSetOperations = redisTemplate.opsForZSet();
return zSetOperations.remove(key, value);
}
public Long zSetDeleteRange(K key, long size1, long size2) {
ZSetOperations<K, V> zSetOperations = redisTemplate.opsForZSet();
return zSetOperations.removeRange(key, size1, size2);
}
public Long zSetDeleteByScore(K key, long score1, long score2) {
ZSetOperations<K, V> zSetOperations = redisTemplate.opsForZSet();
return zSetOperations.removeRangeByScore(key, score1, score2);
}
}
当然有些同学已经发现了,我这样封装,也没有解决RedisUtil后面的尖括号不输入内容出现警告的问题,因为我是业务需要,所以保留了尖括号指定类型
你们如果非不想输入尖括号内的类型,这样改,把RedisUti和RedisTemplate的尖括号去掉,下面的方法中的 K 全部改为 String,V 全部改为 Object就可以了
@Component
public record RedisUtil(RedisTemplate redisTemplate) {
@SuppressWarnings("all")
public RedisUtil {
}
private static final long DEFAULT_EXPIRE_TIME = 60 * 60 * 48;
public long getExpireTime(String key) {
return redisTemplate.getExpire(key, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
四、controller使用RedisUtil
package com.xuyijie.redisdemo.controller;
import com.xuyijie.redisdemo.utils.RedisUtil;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/test")
public class TestController {
@Autowired
private RedisUtil<String, String> redisUtil;
@GetMapping("/helloString/{key}")
public String helloString(@PathVariable String key){
redisUtil.set("key", key);
return (String) redisUtil.get("key");
}
@GetMapping("/helloList")
public List<String> helloList(){
//向key中push一个元素“0”
redisUtil.listLeftPush("key2", "0");
//把一个列表push进key
List<String> list = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList("1", "2"));
redisUtil.listLeftPushAll("key2", list);
//读取存储的列表中的全部元素,0, -1代表从第一个元素到最后一个元素
return redisUtil.listRange("key2", 0, -1);
}
}
五、操作演示
我们先来演示一下第二个方法,直接浏览器请求,可以看到,存入并查询出了我们存入的数据
redis控制台也能查询出来
为什么先演示第二个方法呢,因为要用第一个向你们展示一个“小错误”,我们输入中文来测试一下
很棒,成功存入并正确读取出来了对不对
那我们去控制台看一看,注意看,我们的键还是“key”,没有乱码,value的前半部分中文乱码,后面的String是正常显示的,说明这不是序列化的问题
解决方案是,使用 redis-cli --raw 进入控制台,flushall 先清空数据,再次请求接口存储数据,查询出来的中文就出来了,但是我们还是看不懂,这和代码和redis没有关系
原因是电脑的 cmd 字符默认是 GBK,你们bing一下,看看怎么把cmd改为 UTF-8,好像要从注册表里面改,改好就可以正确显示了
其实代码可以正确读取出来就说明一切正常的了,我们控制台看到乱码不必理会,这里只是提一下
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