Java中Cron表达式的生成解析和计算的工具类
本文介绍通过java生成cron表达式，解析表达式，计算表达式执行日期
1. 生成表达式
public static String createCronExpression(CronModel cronModel){ StringBuilder cronExp = new StringBuilder(); if(null == cronModel.getJobType()) { System.out.println("执行周期未配置" );//执行周期未配置 } if (null != cronModel.getSecond() && null != cronModel.getMinute() && null != cronModel.getHour()) { //秒 cronExp.append(cronModel.getSecond()).append(" "); //分 cronExp.append(cronModel.getMinute()).append(" "); //小时 cronExp.append(cronModel.getHour()).append(" "); //每天 if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue() == 1){ //12 12 12 1/2 * ? * //12 12 12 * * ? if(cronModel.getBeApart()!=null){ cronExp.append("1");//日 cronExp.append("/"); cronExp.append(cronModel.getBeApart()+1);//月 cronExp.append(" "); cronExp.append("* "); cronExp.append("?"); }else { cronExp.append("* ");//日 cronExp.append("* ");//月 cronExp.append("?"); } } //按每周 else if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue() == 3){ //一个月中第几天 cronExp.append("? "); //月份 cronExp.append("* "); //周 Integer[] weeks = cronModel.getDayOfWeeks(); for(int i = 0; i < weeks.length; i++){ if(i == 0){ cronExp.append(weeks[i]); } else{ cronExp.append(",").append(weeks[i]); } } } //按每月 else if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue()== 2){ //一个月中的哪几天 Integer[] days = cronModel.getDayOfMonths(); for(int i = 0; i < days.length; i++){ if(i == 0){ if(days[i]==32){//本月最后一天String endMouthCron="0 0 0 L * ?";return endMouthCron; }else {cronExp.append(days[i]); } } else{ cronExp.append(",").append(days[i]); } } //月份 cronExp.append(" * "); //周 cronExp.append("?"); } //按每年 else if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue()== 4){ //一个年中的哪几天 Integer[] days = cronModel.getDayOfMonths(); if(ArrayUtil.isEmpty(days)){ cronExp.append("*"); }else{ for(int i = 0; i < days.length; i++){ if(i == 0){cronExp.append(days[i]); } else{cronExp.append(",").append(days[i]); } } } //月份 Integer[] months = cronModel.getMonths(); if (ArrayUtil.isEmpty(months)) { cronExp.append(" *"); }else{ for (int i = 0; i < months.length; i++){ Integer month = months[i]; if (month > 12){throw new RuntimeException("月份数据异常: "+ Arrays.toString(months)); } if(i == 0){cronExp.append(" ").append(month); }else{cronExp.append(",").append(month); } } } cronExp.append(" ?"); } else if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue() == 0){ cronExp.append("* ");//日 cronExp.append("* ");//月 cronExp.append("?");//周 } } return cronExp.toString(); }public static String createLoopCronExpression(int rate, int cycle) { String cron = ""; switch (rate) { case 0:// 每cycle秒执行一次 cron = "0/" + cycle + " * * * * ?"; break; case 1:// 每cycle分钟执行一次 cron = "0 0/" + cycle + " * * * ?"; break; case 2:// 每cycle小时执行一次 cron = "0 0 0/" + cycle + " * * ?"; break; case 3:// 每cycle天的0点执行一次 cron = "0 0 0 1/" + cycle + " * ?"; break; case 4:// 每cycle月的1号0点执行一次 cron = "0 0 0 1 1/" + cycle + " ? "; break; case 5:// 每天cycle点执行一次 cron = "0 0 " + cycle+ " * * ?"; break; default:// 默认每cycle秒执行一次 cron = "0/1 * * * * ?"; break; } return cron; }2. 解析表达式
public static String createDescription(CronModel cronModel){ StringBuffer description = new StringBuffer(""); //计划执行开始时间// Date startTime = cronModel.getScheduleStartTime(); if (null != cronModel.getSecond() && null != cronModel.getMinute() && null != cronModel.getHour()) { //按每天 if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue() == 1){ Integer beApart = cronModel.getBeApart(); if(beApart !=null){ description.append("每间隔").append(beApart).append("天"); }else{ description.append("每天"); } description.append(cronModel.getHour()).append("时"); description.append(cronModel.getMinute()).append("分"); description.append(cronModel.getSecond()).append("秒"); description.append("执行"); } //按每周 else if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue() == 3){ if(cronModel.getDayOfWeeks() != null && cronModel.getDayOfWeeks().length > 0) { String days = ""; for(int i : cronModel.getDayOfWeeks()) { days += "周" + i; } description.append("每周的").append(days).append(" "); } if (null != cronModel.getSecond() && null != cronModel.getMinute() && null != cronModel.getHour()) { description.append(","); description.append(cronModel.getHour()).append("时"); description.append(cronModel.getMinute()).append("分"); description.append(cronModel.getSecond()).append("秒"); } description.append("执行"); } //按每月 else if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue() == 2){ //选择月份 if(cronModel.getDayOfMonths() != null && cronModel.getDayOfMonths().length > 0) { String days = ""; for(int i : cronModel.getDayOfMonths()) { days += i + "号"; } description.append("每月的").append(days).append(" "); } description.append(cronModel.getHour()).append("时"); description.append(cronModel.getMinute()).append("分"); description.append(cronModel.getSecond()).append("秒"); description.append("执行"); } } return description.toString(); }3. 计算表达式执行日期
需要引入quartz依赖
<dependency> <groupId>quartz</groupId> <artifactId>quartz</artifactId> <version>1.5.2</version></dependency> public static List<String> getCronNextTimes(String cronExpress,Integer num){ if(StrUtil.isEmpty(cronExpress)){ throw new RuntimeException("cron 表达式不能为空"); } //判断cron表达式 if(!CronSequenceGenerator.isValidExpression(cronExpress)){ throw new RuntimeException("cron 表达式格式不正确,cron: "+cronExpress); } if(num == null || num == 0){ num = 1; } List<String> list = new ArrayList<>(); CronTrigger cronTrigger = new CronTrigger(); try { cronTrigger.setCronExpression(cronExpress); } catch (ParseException e) { throw new RuntimeException("cron表达式不正确,cron: "+cronExpress); } List<Date> dates = TriggerUtils.computeFireTimes(cronTrigger, null, num); String format = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"; for (Date date : dates) { list.add(DateUtil.format(date,format)); } return list; }4. 测试
public static void main(String[] args) { CronModel cronModel = new CronModel(); cronModel.setJobType(JobEnum.DAY);//按每天 //每隔几天执行 cronModel.setBeApart(1); String cropExp = createCronExpression(cronModel); System.out.println(cropExp + ":" + createDescription(cronModel)); //执行时间：每天的12时12分12秒 end System.out.println(getCronNextTimes(cropExp, 5)); cronModel.setJobType(JobEnum.WEEK);//每周的哪几天执行 Integer[] dayOfWeeks = new Integer[3]; dayOfWeeks[0] = 1; dayOfWeeks[1] = 2; dayOfWeeks[2] = 3; cronModel.setDayOfWeeks(dayOfWeeks); cronModel.setJobType(JobEnum.WEEK); cropExp = createCronExpression(cronModel); System.out.println(cropExp + ":" + createDescription(cronModel)); System.out.println(getCronNextTimes(cropExp, 5)); cronModel.setJobType(JobEnum.MONTH);//每月的哪几天执行 Integer[] dayOfMonths = new Integer[3]; dayOfMonths[0] = 1; dayOfMonths[1] = 21; dayOfMonths[2] = 13; cronModel.setDayOfMonths(dayOfMonths); cropExp = createCronExpression(cronModel); System.out.println(cropExp + ":" + createDescription(cronModel)); System.out.println(getCronNextTimes(cropExp, 5)); cronModel.setJobType(JobEnum.EVERY);//每天的几点几分几秒开始 cropExp = createCronExpression(cronModel); System.out.println(cropExp); System.out.println(getCronNextTimes(cropExp, 5)); }
5. 完整代码
gitee地址:
https://gitee.com/zhenglm/tools.gitpublic enum JobEnum { EVERY("每天",0), DAY("日",1), MONTH("月",2), WEEK("周",3), YEAR("年",4), ; JobEnum(String name,Integer value) { this.name = name; this.value = value; } private final String name; private final Integer value; public Integer getValue() { return value; } public String getName() { return name; }}public class CronModel { Integer[] dayOfWeeks; Integer[] dayOfMonths; Integer[] months; Integer second; Integer minute; Integer hour; JobEnum jobType; Integer beApart; public Integer[] getDayOfWeeks() { return dayOfWeeks; } public void setDayOfWeeks(Integer[] dayOfWeeks) { this.dayOfWeeks = dayOfWeeks; } public Integer[] getDayOfMonths() { return dayOfMonths; } public void setDayOfMonths(Integer[] dayOfMonths) { this.dayOfMonths = dayOfMonths; } public Integer[] getMonths() { return months; } public void setMonths(Integer[] months) { this.months = months; } public Integer getSecond() { return second == null ? 0 : second; } public void setSecond(Integer second) { this.second = second; } public Integer getMinute() { return minute == null ? 0 : minute; } public void setMinute(Integer minute) { this.minute = minute; } public Integer getHour() { return hour==null ? 0 : hour; } public void setHour(Integer hour) { this.hour = hour; } public JobEnum getJobType() { return jobType == null ? JobEnum.DAY : jobType; } public void setJobType(JobEnum jobType) { this.jobType = jobType; } public Integer getBeApart() { return beApart; } public void setBeApart(Integer beApart) { this.beApart = beApart; }}public class CronUtil { public static List<String> getCronNextTimes(String cronExpress,Integer num){ if(StrUtil.isEmpty(cronExpress)){ throw new RuntimeException("cron 表达式不能为空"); } //判断cron表达式 if(!CronSequenceGenerator.isValidExpression(cronExpress)){ throw new RuntimeException("cron 表达式格式不正确,cron: "+cronExpress); } if(num == null || num == 0){ num = 1; } List<String> list = new ArrayList<>(); CronTrigger cronTrigger = new CronTrigger(); try { cronTrigger.setCronExpression(cronExpress); } catch (ParseException e) { throw new RuntimeException("cron表达式不正确,cron: "+cronExpress); } List<Date> dates = TriggerUtils.computeFireTimes(cronTrigger, null, num); String format = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"; for (Date date : dates) { list.add(DateUtil.format(date,format)); } return list; } public static String createCronExpression(CronModel cronModel){ StringBuilder cronExp = new StringBuilder(); if(null == cronModel.getJobType()) { System.out.println("执行周期未配置" );//执行周期未配置 } if (null != cronModel.getSecond() && null != cronModel.getMinute() && null != cronModel.getHour()) { //秒 cronExp.append(cronModel.getSecond()).append(" "); //分 cronExp.append(cronModel.getMinute()).append(" "); //小时 cronExp.append(cronModel.getHour()).append(" "); //每天 if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue() == 1){ //12 12 12 1/2 * ? * //12 12 12 * * ? if(cronModel.getBeApart()!=null){ cronExp.append("1");//日 cronExp.append("/"); cronExp.append(cronModel.getBeApart()+1);//月 cronExp.append(" "); cronExp.append("* "); cronExp.append("?"); }else { cronExp.append("* ");//日 cronExp.append("* ");//月 cronExp.append("?");//周 } } //按每周 else if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue() == 3){ //一个月中第几天 cronExp.append("? "); //月份 cronExp.append("* "); //周 Integer[] weeks = cronModel.getDayOfWeeks(); for(int i = 0; i < weeks.length; i++){ if(i == 0){ cronExp.append(weeks[i]); } else{ cronExp.append(",").append(weeks[i]); } } } //按每月 else if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue()== 2){ //一个月中的哪几天 Integer[] days = cronModel.getDayOfMonths(); for(int i = 0; i < days.length; i++){ if(i == 0){ if(days[i]==32){//本月最后一天String endMouthCron="0 0 0 L * ?";return endMouthCron; }else {cronExp.append(days[i]); } } else{ cronExp.append(",").append(days[i]); } } //月份 cronExp.append(" * "); //周 cronExp.append("?"); } //按每年 else if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue()== 4){ //一个年中的哪几天 Integer[] days = cronModel.getDayOfMonths(); if(ArrayUtil.isEmpty(days)){ cronExp.append("*"); }else{ for(int i = 0; i < days.length; i++){ if(i == 0){cronExp.append(days[i]); } else{cronExp.append(",").append(days[i]); } } } //月份 Integer[] months = cronModel.getMonths(); if (ArrayUtil.isEmpty(months)) { cronExp.append(" *"); }else{ for (int i = 0; i < months.length; i++){ Integer month = months[i]; if (month > 12){throw new RuntimeException("月份数据异常: "+ Arrays.toString(months)); } if(i == 0){cronExp.append(" ").append(month); }else{cronExp.append(",").append(month); } } } cronExp.append(" ?"); } else if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue() == 0){ cronExp.append("* ");//日 cronExp.append("* ");//月 cronExp.append("?");//周 } } return cronExp.toString(); } public static String createDescription(CronModel cronModel){ StringBuffer description = new StringBuffer(""); //计划执行开始时间// Date startTime = cronModel.getScheduleStartTime(); if (null != cronModel.getSecond() && null != cronModel.getMinute() && null != cronModel.getHour()) { //按每天 if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue() == 1){ Integer beApart = cronModel.getBeApart(); if(beApart !=null){ description.append("每间隔").append(beApart).append("天"); }else{ description.append("每天"); } description.append(cronModel.getHour()).append("时"); description.append(cronModel.getMinute()).append("分"); description.append(cronModel.getSecond()).append("秒"); description.append("执行"); } //按每周 else if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue() == 3){ if(cronModel.getDayOfWeeks() != null && cronModel.getDayOfWeeks().length > 0) { String days = ""; for(int i : cronModel.getDayOfWeeks()) { days += "周" + i; } description.append("每周的").append(days).append(" "); } if (null != cronModel.getSecond() && null != cronModel.getMinute() && null != cronModel.getHour()) { description.append(","); description.append(cronModel.getHour()).append("时"); description.append(cronModel.getMinute()).append("分"); description.append(cronModel.getSecond()).append("秒"); } description.append("执行"); } //按每月 else if(cronModel.getJobType().getValue() == 2){ //选择月份 if(cronModel.getDayOfMonths() != null && cronModel.getDayOfMonths().length > 0) { String days = ""; for(int i : cronModel.getDayOfMonths()) { days += i + "号"; } description.append("每月的").append(days).append(" "); } description.append(cronModel.getHour()).append("时"); description.append(cronModel.getMinute()).append("分"); description.append(cronModel.getSecond()).append("秒"); description.append("执行"); } } return description.toString(); } public static String createLoopCronExpression(int rate, int cycle) { String cron = ""; switch (rate) { case 0:// 每cycle秒执行一次 cron = "0/" + cycle + " * * * * ?"; break; case 1:// 每cycle分钟执行一次 cron = "0 0/" + cycle + " * * * ?"; break; case 2:// 每cycle小时执行一次 cron = "0 0 0/" + cycle + " * * ?"; break; case 3:// 每cycle天的0点执行一次 cron = "0 0 0 1/" + cycle + " * ?"; break; case 4:// 每cycle月的1号0点执行一次 cron = "0 0 0 1 1/" + cycle + " ? "; break; case 5:// 每天cycle点执行一次 cron = "0 0 " + cycle+ " * * ?"; break; default:// 默认每cycle秒执行一次 cron = "0/1 * * * * ?"; break; } return cron; } public static void main(String[] args) { CronModel cronModel = new CronModel(); cronModel.setJobType(JobEnum.DAY);//按每天 //每隔几天执行 cronModel.setBeApart(1); String cropExp = createCronExpression(cronModel); System.out.println(cropExp + ":" + createDescription(cronModel)); //执行时间：每天的12时12分12秒 end System.out.println(getCronNextTimes(cropExp, 5)); cronModel.setJobType(JobEnum.WEEK);//每周的哪几天执行 Integer[] dayOfWeeks = new Integer[3]; dayOfWeeks[0] = 1; dayOfWeeks[1] = 2; dayOfWeeks[2] = 3; cronModel.setDayOfWeeks(dayOfWeeks); cronModel.setJobType(JobEnum.WEEK); cropExp = createCronExpression(cronModel); System.out.println(cropExp + ":" + createDescription(cronModel)); System.out.println(getCronNextTimes(cropExp, 5)); cronModel.setJobType(JobEnum.MONTH);//每月的哪几天执行 Integer[] dayOfMonths = new Integer[3]; dayOfMonths[0] = 1; dayOfMonths[1] = 21; dayOfMonths[2] = 13; cronModel.setDayOfMonths(dayOfMonths); cropExp = createCronExpression(cronModel); System.out.println(cropExp + ":" + createDescription(cronModel)); System.out.println(getCronNextTimes(cropExp, 5)); cronModel.setJobType(JobEnum.EVERY);//每天的几点几分几秒开始 cropExp = createCronExpression(cronModel); System.out.println(cropExp); System.out.println(getCronNextTimes(cropExp, 5)); }}来源地址：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42202992/article/details/132085828
