如何在c#中使用WPF对DataGrid中的Cell进行编辑

如何在c#中使用WPF对DataGrid中的Cell进行编辑？很多新手对此不是很清楚，为了帮助大家解决这个难题，下面小编将为大家详细讲解，有这方面需求的人可以来学习下，希望你能有所收获。

1 MainWindow

<Window x:Class="DataGridCellDoubleClickDemo.MainWindow"        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"        xmlns:xceed="http://schemas.xceed.com/wpf/xaml/datagrid"        xmlns:models="clr-namespace:DataGridCellDoubleClickDemo.Models"        xmlns:views="clr-namespace:DataGridCellDoubleClickDemo.Views"        mc:Ignorable="d"        Title="DataGridDemo" Height="450" Width="800">    <Window.Resources>        <DataTemplate x:Key="CustomTemplate">            <Border BorderThickness="1" BorderBrush="Blue">                <TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=Display }"  FontWeight="Bold"                           HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" />            </Border>        </DataTemplate>        <DataTemplate x:Key="RowHeadTemplate" DataType="{x:Type models:RecipeControlVariable}">            <TextBlock Text="{Binding DisplayName}"  HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" Foreground="Black" FontSize="12"/>        </DataTemplate>        <xceed:DataGridCollectionViewSource x:Key="recipeData" Source="{Binding RecipeVariables}"></xceed:DataGridCollectionViewSource>    </Window.Resources>    <Grid>        <xceed:DataGridControl x:Name="DataGridControl"                               AutoCreateColumns="False"                               FontSize="13"                               VerticalContentAlignment="Center"                               BorderBrush="Gray"                               BorderThickness="1"                               ItemsPrimaryAxis="Horizontal"                               PagingBehavior="LeftToRight"                               UpdateSourceTrigger="CellContentChanged"                               SelectionUnit="Cell"                               SelectionMode="Single"                                                             ItemsSource="{Binding  Source={StaticResource recipeData}}">            <xceed:DataGridControl.View>                <xceed:TableflowView FixedColumnCount="1" ContainerHeight="30" x:Name="tblView"                                        VerticalGridLineThickness="0.5" HorizontalGridLineBrush="Gray"                                        HorizontalGridLineThickness="1" VerticalGridLineBrush="Black"                                        RowFadeInAnimationDuration="0"                                        ScrollingAnimationDuration="0" ColumnStretchMinWidth="10"                                        DetailIndicatorWidth="20" ShowRowSelectorPane="False"                                        ShowScrollTip="False" UseDefaultHeadersFooters="False">                    <xceed:TableflowView.FixedHeaders>                        <DataTemplate>                            <xceed:ColumnManagerRow AllowColumnReorder="False" AllowColumnResize="True" AllowDrop="False" AllowSort="False" />                        </DataTemplate>                    </xceed:TableflowView.FixedHeaders>                </xceed:TableflowView>            </xceed:DataGridControl.View>             <xceed:DataGridControl.DefaultCellEditors>                <xceed:CellEditor x:Key="{x:Type models:SmartCellViewModel}">                    <xceed:CellEditor.EditTemplate>                        <DataTemplate>                            <views:SmartCellEditor Content="{xceed:CellEditorBinding}"  VerticalAlignment="Center"                                                   Height="{Binding ActualHeight,RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type Border},AncestorLevel=1}}"></views:SmartCellEditor>                        </DataTemplate>                    </xceed:CellEditor.EditTemplate>                </xceed:CellEditor>            </xceed:DataGridControl.DefaultCellEditors>         </xceed:DataGridControl>    </Grid></Window>

　　在View部分主要是通过引用Xceed中的DataGridControl控件进行扩展的，这个里面主要是需要设置DataGridControl的View和DefaultCellEditor这个里面DefaultCellEditor是本文的重点，这个就是单元格Cell双击后进行编辑的主体，在这个里面我们需要指定CellEditor的EditTemplate,这里面需要匹配一个DataTemplate,这个里面是一个SmartCellEditor的子View，下面我们来看看这个SmartCellEditor里面是什么内容？

　　2 SmartCellEditor

<UserControl x:Class="DataGridCellDoubleClickDemo.Views.SmartCellEditor"             xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"             xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"             xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"             xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"             xmlns:conv="clr-namespace:DataGridCellDoubleClickDemo.Converters"             xmlns:xceed="clr-namespace:Xceed.Wpf.Toolkit;assembly=Xceed.Wpf.Toolkit"             mc:Ignorable="d"             d:DesignHeight="450" d:DesignWidth="800">    <UserControl.Resources>        <conv:VisibilityConverter x:Key="visConverter" />        <conv:TimeSpanConverter x:Key="timeSpanConverter" />        <conv:NumConverter x:Key="numConverter" />        <conv:BoolConverter x:Key="boolConverter" />    </UserControl.Resources>     <StackPanel Margin="0">        <!--TextBlock-->        <TextBlock x:Name="textBlock"                   Background="{Binding Background}"                   Foreground="{Binding Foreground}"                   Text="{Binding Path=Display,Mode=OneWay}"                    ToolTip="{Binding ToolTip}"                   FontWeight="{Binding FontWeight}"                   VerticalAlignment="Stretch"                    Visibility="{Binding Path=., Converter={StaticResource visConverter},ConverterParameter=TextBlock}"/>          <!--Editable ComboBox-->        <ComboBox x:Name="editableComboBox" ItemsSource="{Binding SmartCellData.Selections}" IsEditable="True"  VerticalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalContentAlignment="Center"                  DisplayMemberPath="SelectionDisplayName" Text="{Binding CellValue,Mode=TwoWay, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}"                  Visibility="{Binding Path=., Converter={StaticResource visConverter},ConverterParameter=EditableComboBox}" />         <!--Readonly ComboBox-->        <ComboBox x:Name="readonlyComboBox"  VerticalAlignment="Center" VerticalContentAlignment="Stretch"  ItemsSource="{Binding SmartCellData.Selections}" IsEditable="False"                  DisplayMemberPath="SelectionDisplayName" SelectedValuePath="ControlName" SelectedValue="{Binding Path=CellValue,Mode=TwoWay,UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}"                  Visibility="{Binding Path=., Converter={StaticResource visConverter},ConverterParameter=ReadonlyComboBox}" />          <!--Text Input TextBox-->        <TextBox HorizontalContentAlignment="Left"  VerticalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalContentAlignment="Center" Text="{Binding CellValue}"                 Visibility="{Binding Path=., Converter={StaticResource visConverter},ConverterParameter=TextBox}" TextAlignment="Left" />          <!--Number Input TextBox-->        <xceed:DecimalUpDown HorizontalContentAlignment="Left"  VerticalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalContentAlignment="Center"  FormatString="G" Value="{Binding Path=CellValue,Converter={StaticResource numConverter},Mode=TwoWay,UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}"                             Increment="1" Visibility="{Binding Path=., Converter={StaticResource visConverter},ConverterParameter=DecimalUpDown}" TextAlignment="Left" />          <!--CheckBox-->        <CheckBox x:Name="checkBox"  VerticalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalContentAlignment="Center"  Content="{Binding Tag}" IsChecked="{Binding Path=CellValue,Converter={StaticResource boolConverter},Mode=TwoWay,UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}"                  Visibility="{Binding Path=., Converter={StaticResource visConverter},ConverterParameter=CheckBox}" />          <!--TimePicker-->        <xceed:DateTimeUpDown Format="Custom" FormatString="HH:mm:ss"  VerticalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalContentAlignment="Center"  Value="{Binding Path=CellValue,Converter={StaticResource timeSpanConverter},Mode=TwoWay,UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}"                              Visibility="{Binding Path=., Converter={StaticResource visConverter},ConverterParameter=TimePicker}" CultureInfo="uk-UA" />     </StackPanel></UserControl>

　　在这个里面我们在一个StackPanel中放置了匹配各种数据类型的Template,并且每一个的Visibility都是由visConverter这个自定义的Converter来实现的，后面我们会分析这个Converter里面的内容，这些代码的整体思想就是每次这个StackPanel里面的Template都只有一个可以显示，其它的都是隐藏的，哪一个会显示是根据当前的数据类型决定的，每一个注释表示每一个类型的数据，比如我们如果定义的是Bool类型，那么当我们双击单元格Cell的时候会出现一个CheckBox供我们编辑，所以这个里面我们需要根据我们定义的数据类型来扩展对应的模板，当我们双击单元格的时候就会显示这个模板从而进行编辑数据。

　　3 MainWindowViewModel

这个里面是定义的MainWindow对应的DataContext,在这里面我们会初始化绑定到MainWindow中DataGridControl的ItemsSource,我们先来看看这个里面核心的代码并就其中的要点进行分析。

using DataGridCellDoubleClickDemo.Models;using System;using System.Collections.ObjectModel;using System.Windows; namespace DataGridCellDoubleClickDemo{    public class MainWindowViewModel : NotificationObject    {        public MainWindowViewModel(Xceed.Wpf.DataGrid.DataGridControl dataGridControl)        {            DataGridControl = dataGridControl;            InitRecipeVariables();        }          #region Properties        private ObservableCollection<RecipeControlVariable> _RecipeVariables = new ObservableCollection<RecipeControlVariable>();         public ObservableCollection<RecipeControlVariable> RecipeVariables        {            get { return _RecipeVariables; }            set            {                if (value != _RecipeVariables)                {                    _RecipeVariables = value;                    OnPropertyChanged(nameof(RecipeVariables));                }             }        }         public Xceed.Wpf.DataGrid.DataGridControl DataGridControl { get; set; }         #endregion         #region Private Methods        private void InitRecipeVariables()        {            _RecipeVariables.Add(new RecipeControlVariable            {                ControlName = "Name",                DisplayName = "Name",                StepValues = new ObservableCollection<SmartCellViewModel>                {                    new SmartCellViewModel                    {                        CellValue="Step",                        ErrorInfo=null,                        SmartCellData=new RecipeVariableItem                        {                             ControlName = "Name",                             DisplayName = "Name",                             VariableEditorType=RecipeVariableEditorType.TextInput                        }                    },                    new SmartCellViewModel                    {                        CellValue="Step",                        ErrorInfo=null,                        SmartCellData=new RecipeVariableItem                        {                             ControlName = "Name",                             DisplayName = "Name",                             VariableEditorType=RecipeVariableEditorType.TextInput                        }                    }                }             });            _RecipeVariables.Add(new RecipeControlVariable            {                ControlName = "Time",                DisplayName = "Process Time(Sec)",                StepValues = new ObservableCollection<SmartCellViewModel>                {                    new SmartCellViewModel                    {                        CellValue="0",                        ErrorInfo=null,                        SmartCellData=new RecipeVariableItem                        {                             ControlName = "Time",                             DisplayName = "Process Time(Sec)",                             VariableEditorType=RecipeVariableEditorType.NumInput                        }                    },                    new SmartCellViewModel                    {                        CellValue="0",                        ErrorInfo=null,                        SmartCellData=new RecipeVariableItem                        {                             ControlName = "Time",                             DisplayName = "Process Time(Sec)",                             VariableEditorType=RecipeVariableEditorType.NumInput                        }                    }                }             });            _RecipeVariables.Add(new RecipeControlVariable            {                ControlName = "FrontChemical",                DisplayName = "FrontChemical",                StepValues = new ObservableCollection<SmartCellViewModel>                {                    new SmartCellViewModel                    {                        CellValue="None",                        ErrorInfo=null,                        SmartCellData=new RecipeVariableItem                        {                             ControlName = "FrontChemical",                             DisplayName = "FrontChemical",                             VariableEditorType=RecipeVariableEditorType.ReadOnlySelection,                             Selections=new ObservableCollection<SelectionItem>                             {                                 new SelectionItem                                 {                                     SelectionControlName="CHEM1",                                     SelectionDisplayName="CHEM1",                                 },                                 new SelectionItem                                 {                                     SelectionControlName="N2",                                     SelectionDisplayName="N2",                                 },                                 new SelectionItem                                 {                                     SelectionControlName="CDIW",                                     SelectionDisplayName="CDIW",                                 },                                 new SelectionItem                                 {                                     SelectionControlName="",                                     SelectionDisplayName="None",                                 }                             }                        }                    },                    new SmartCellViewModel                    {                        CellValue="None",                        ErrorInfo=null,                        SmartCellData=new RecipeVariableItem                        {                             ControlName = "FrontChemical",                             DisplayName = "FrontChemical",                             VariableEditorType=RecipeVariableEditorType.ReadOnlySelection,                             Selections=new ObservableCollection<SelectionItem>                             {                                 new SelectionItem                                 {                                     SelectionControlName="CHEM1",                                     SelectionDisplayName="CHEM1",                                 },                                 new SelectionItem                                 {                                     SelectionControlName="N2",                                     SelectionDisplayName="N2",                                 },                                 new SelectionItem                                 {                                     SelectionControlName="CDIW",                                     SelectionDisplayName="CDIW",                                 },                                 new SelectionItem                                 {                                     SelectionControlName="",                                     SelectionDisplayName="None",                                 }                             }                        }                    }                }             });            _RecipeVariables.Add(new RecipeControlVariable            {                ControlName = "NozzleBindingSetting",                DisplayName = "Nozzle Scan",                StepValues = new ObservableCollection<SmartCellViewModel>                {                    new SmartCellViewModel                    {                        CellValue="Default",                        ErrorInfo=null,                        SmartCellData=new RecipeVariableItem                        {                             ControlName = "NozzleBindingSetting",                             DisplayName = "Nozzle Scan",                             VariableEditorType=RecipeVariableEditorType.TextInput                        }                    },                    new SmartCellViewModel                    {                        CellValue="Default",                        ErrorInfo=null,                        SmartCellData=new RecipeVariableItem                        {                             ControlName = "NozzleBindingSetting",                             DisplayName = "Nozzle Scan",                             VariableEditorType=RecipeVariableEditorType.TextInput                        }                    }                }             });        }        #endregion         /// <summary>        /// reload datagrid content        /// </summary>        public void RefreshDataGrid()        {            try            {                if (null == DataGridControl) return;                //generate columns in Grid                DataGridControl.CurrentColumn = null;                if (DataGridControl.Columns.Count > 0)                    DataGridControl.Columns.Clear();                 var template = (DataTemplate)this.DataGridControl.FindResource("CustomTemplate");                var rowTemplate = (DataTemplate)this.DataGridControl.FindResource("RowHeadTemplate");                 DataGridControl.Columns.Add(new Xceed.Wpf.DataGrid.Column()                {                    Width = 140,                    Title = "Name",                    FieldName = ".",                    CellContentTemplate = rowTemplate                });                 var cellEditor = DataGridControl.DefaultCellEditors[typeof(SmartCellViewModel)];                 for (int index = 0; index < RecipeVariables[0].StepValues.Count; index++)                {                    int width = 1;                    for (int n = 0; n < RecipeVariables.Count; n++)                    {                        string display = RecipeVariables[n].StepValues[index].Display;                        if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(display))                        {                            int temp = display.Length * 7;                            width = Math.Max(temp, width);                        }                    }                    width = (int)(width * 1.1);                    width = Math.Max(width, 80);                    DataGridControl.Columns.Add(new Xceed.Wpf.DataGrid.Column()                    {                         Title = string.Format("Step {0}", index + 1),                        FieldName = string.Format("StepValues[{0}]", index),                        CellContentTemplate = template,                        AllowSort = false,                        Width = width,                        MaxWidth = width * 2,                        CellEditor = cellEditor                    });                }             }            catch (Exception ex)            {             }

　　在这个里面我们重点分析下RefreshDataGrid这个子函数，在我们的MainWindowViewModel中我们定义的RecipeVariables是最终绑定到MainWindow中定义的DataGridControl中的ItemsSource,是整个控件的数据源，由于我们这个DataGird的第一列和后面的Step列数据类型不同，所以我们的RefreshDataGrid函数中增加Column列的时候是分作两个部分，第一个部分是单独增加一列，后面的列是通过循环StepValues这个集合来动态进行增加的，代码中我们定义了多少个StepValue，那么后面就会有多少列，这个里面的重点是增加Column的时候FieldName的赋值，这个是十分关键的，这个关系到能够让每一列获取到正确的数据源，例如第一列赋值Filed= “.” 表示直接从当前绑定的数据源获取数据，另外后面的Step列的每一个FieldName是动态进行赋值的，赋值语句是：FieldName = string.Format("StepValues[{0}]", index),这个里面Index是一个动态值，这个是非常关键的一步，另外后面的Step列由于需要通过双击进行编辑所以每一个Column是需要赋值CellEditor对象的，另外这个ViewModel中的DataGridControl是通过构造函数进行赋值的，构造函数中的赋值就是MainWindow中定义的DataGridControl对象，这个在阅读代码时需要特别注意。

　　4 Models

Models主要是定义的数据集合，我们的代码中主要包括RecipeControlVariable和SmartViewModel这两个部分，这两个部分分别对应DataGridControl的数据源以及双击进行编辑的SmartCellEditor两个部分一一对应。

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