之前做过一个项目(随心壁纸),主要展示过去每期的壁纸主题以及相应的壁纸,而且策划要求,好可以动态变换主题呈现方式,这样用户体验会比较好。嗯,好吧,策划的话,咱们也没法反驳,毕竟这样搞,确实很不错。于是开始去研究这方面的东西。 首先,我想到的是照片墙效果,改变图片能有不同的呈现方式。可是这样的话,文字以及更深层的自定义效果,无法实现了。然后,思考了下,决定仿照android原生布局文件解析方式,自己去动态解析布局。 先来看下android 原生布局文件解析流程: 第一步:调用LayoutInflater的inflate函数解析xml文件得到一个view,然后来看看inflate函数: //使用常见的API方法去解析xml布局文件, LayoutInflater layoutInflater = (LayoutInflater)getSystemService(); View root = layoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.main, null,false); 第二步:在inflate函数中,获取一个XmlResourceParser来解析xml布局文件,再往下跟inflate(parser, root, attachToRoot): public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) { if (DEBUG) System.out.println("INFLATING from resource: " + resource); XmlResourceParser parser = getContext().getResources().getLayout(resource); try { return inflate(parser, root, attachToRoot); } finally { parser.close(); } } 第三步:inflate函数中会根据布局的节点名创建根视图,接着根据方法中传进来的root参数,判断是否为空,如果不为null,则为该根视图赋予外面父视图的布局参数。接着调用rInflate函数来为根视图添加所有字节点。 public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) { synchronized (mConstructorArgs) { final AttributeSet attrs = Xml.asAttributeSet(parser); Context lastContext = (Context)mConstructorArgs[0]; mConstructorArgs[0] = mContext; //该mConstructorArgs属性后会作为参数传递给View的构造函数 View result = root; try { // Look for the root node. int type; while ((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.START_TAG && type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) { // Empty } if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) { throw new InflateException(parser.getPositionDescription() + ": No start tag found!"); } final String name = parser.getName(); //节点名,即API中的控件或者自定义View完整限定名 if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) { if (root == null || !attachToRoot) { throw new InflateException("<merge /> can be used only with a valid " + "ViewGroup root and attachToRoot=true"); } rInflate(parser, root, attrs, false); } else { // Temp is the root view that was found in the xml View temp; if (TAG_1995.equals(name)) { temp = new BlinkLayout(mContext, attrs); } else { temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, attrs); } ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = null; if (root != null) { // Create layout params that match root, if supplied params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs); if (!attachToRoot) { // Set the layout params for temp if we are not // attaching. (If we are, we use addView, below) temp.setLayoutParams(params); } } // Inflate all children under temp rInflate(parser, temp, attrs, true); // We are supposed to attach all the views we found (int temp) // to root. Do that now. if (root != null && attachToRoot) { root.addView(temp, params); } // Decide whether to return the root that was passed in or the // top view found in xml. if (root == null || !attachToRoot) { result = temp; } } } catch (XmlPullParserException e) { //... } finally { // Don't retain static reference on context. mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext; mConstructorArgs[1] = null; } return result; } } 第四步:rInflate方法中主要是去递归调用布局文件根视图的子节点。将解析得到的view添加到parentView。 void rInflate(XmlPullParser parser, View parent, final AttributeSet attrs, boolean finishInflate) throws XmlPullParserException, IOException { final int depth = parser.getDepth(); int type; while (((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.END_TAG || parser.getDepth() > depth) && type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) { if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) { continue; } final String name = parser.getName(); if (TAG_REQUEST_FOCUS.equals(name)) { //处理<requestFocus />标签 parseRequestFocus(parser, parent); } else if (TAG_INCLUDE.equals(name)) { //处理<include />标签 if (parser.getDepth() == 0) { throw new InflateException("<include /> cannot be the root element"); } parseInclude(parser, parent, attrs); //解析<include />节点 } else if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) { //处理<merge />标签 throw new InflateException("<merge /> must be the root element"); } else if (TAG_1995.equals(name)) { //处理<blink />标签 final View view = new BlinkLayout(mContext, attrs); final ViewGroup viewGroup = (ViewGroup) parent; final ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = viewGroup.generateLayoutParams(attrs); rInflate(parser, view, attrs, true); viewGroup.addView(view, params); } else { //根据节点名构建一个View实例对象 final View view = createViewFromTag(parent, name, attrs); final ViewGroup viewGroup = (ViewGroup) parent; //调用generateLayoutParams()方法返回一个LayoutParams实例对象, final ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = viewGroup.generateLayoutParams(attrs); rInflate(parser, view, attrs, true); //继续递归调用 viewGroup.addView(view, params); //OK,将该View以特定LayoutParams值添加至父View } } if (finishInflate) parent.onFinishInflate(); //完成解析过程,通知.. } 在rInflate方法的37行代码中,final View view = createViewFromTag(parent, name, attrs),由节点名等参数构建的一个view实例对象,由于下面的代码会越来越大,直接贴出主要实现函数,具体可参见Android源码。 View createViewFromTag(View parent, String name, AttributeSet attrs) { //... try { //... if (view == null) { if (-1 == name.indexOf('.')) { view = onCreateView(parent, name, attrs); } else { view = createView(name, null, attrs); } } return view; } catch (InflateException e) { //... } } 然后再往onCreateView()中跟下去,会发现,它其实主要还是实现了createView();所以我们直接CreateView实现。 protected View onCreateView(String name, AttributeSet attrs) throws ClassNotFoundException { return createView(name, "android.view.", attrs); } 在createView(name, “android.view.”, attrs)中,会用反射机制创建android.view.XXX(比如TextView)的实例对象,并返回。 这也是LayoutInflater.inflate的布局解析流程了。 当你熟悉了流程,接下来为你讲解的,随心壁纸的动态解析布局思路,你基本懂的大半了!