用到的 Pygame 函数
贪吃蛇小游戏用到的函数
| 功能 | 描述 |
|---|---|
| init() | 初始化 pygame |
| display.set_mode() | 以元组或列表为参数创建窗口 |
| update() | 更新屏幕 |
| quit() | 用于取消初始化的 pygame |
| set_caption() | 在屏幕的顶部设置文字 |
| event.get() | 返回所有事件的列表 |
| Surface.fill() | 使用纯色填充屏幕 |
| time.Clock() | 追踪时间 |
| font.Font() | 设置字体 |
创建屏幕
我们使用函数 display.set_mode() 来创建 pygame 窗口，同时我们还要在程序的开始和结尾处进行 init() 和 quit() 函数，以保证程序可以正确开始和结束。
import pygame
pygame.init()
dis=pygame.display.set_mode((400,300))
pygame.display.update()
pygame.quit()
quit()
这要我们运行程序，就可以得到如下：
但是这要的代码，我们的程序创建只会一闪而过，下面我们增加一些代码，来保持住程序窗口
import pygame
pygame.init()
dis=pygame.display.set_mode((400,300))
pygame.display.update()
pygame.display.set_caption('Snake game by Edureka')
game_over=False
while not game_over:
for event in pygame.event.get():
print(event) # 打印出所有事件
pygame.quit()
quit()
我们增加了游戏窗口的名称，同时还可以在 Python 控制台中看到我们在 pygame 窗口上操作时的所有事件
下面我们来增加关闭响应事件
pygame.init()
dis = pygame.display.set_mode((400, 300))
pygame.display.update()
pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇')
game_over = False
while not game_over:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type==pygame.QUIT:
game_over=True
pygame.quit()
quit()
至此我们的游戏窗口就设置好了，下面就可以来画 snake 了
创建 snake
我们首先创建一些颜色变量，用来表示 snake，food，screen 等
pygame.init()
dis = pygame.display.set_mode((400, 300))
pygame.display.update()
pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇')
blue=(0,0,255)
red=(255,0,0)
game_over = False
while not game_over:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type==pygame.QUIT:
game_over=True
pygame.draw.rect(dis, blue, [200, 150, 10, 10])
pygame.display.update()
pygame.quit()
quit()
这样，一只（条）贪吃蛇就创建完成了，就是那个小蓝点儿
使 snake 动起来
为了实现 snake 的移动，我们需要用到的关键事件是 KEYDOWN，它包含四个 key 值，K_UP, K_DOWN, K_LEFT, 和 K_RIGHT，分别表示向上、向下、向左和向右
pygame.init()
pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇')
white = (255, 255, 255)
black = (0, 0, 0)
red = (255, 0, 0)
dis = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))
game_over = False
x1 = 300
y1 = 300
x1_change = 0
y1_change = 0
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
while not game_over:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
game_over = True
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
x1_change = -10
y1_change = 0
elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
x1_change = 10
y1_change = 0
elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
y1_change = -10
x1_change = 0
elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
y1_change = 10
x1_change = 0
x1 += x1_change
y1 += y1_change
dis.fill(white)
pygame.draw.rect(dis, black, [x1, y1, 10, 10])
pygame.display.update()
clock.tick(30)
pygame.quit()
quit()
我这里创建了 x1_change 和 y1_change 变量来更新 x 和 y 坐标，使得我们的 snake 可以移动起来
处理 Game Over
对于贪吃蛇游戏来说，如果 snake 移动出了游戏屏幕，那么游戏就已经失败了，下面我们就来处理这部分逻辑
import pygame
import time
pygame.init()
pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇')
white = (255, 255, 255)
black = (0, 0, 0)
red = (255, 0, 0)
dis_width = 600
dis_height = 400
dis = pygame.display.set_mode((dis_width, dis_width))
game_over = False
x1 = dis_width / 2
y1 = dis_height / 2
snake_block = 10
x1_change = 0
y1_change = 0
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
snake_speed = 30
font_style = pygame.font.Font("C:/Windows/Fonts/STFANGSO.TTF", 20)
def message(msg, color):
mesg = font_style.render(msg, True, color)
dis.blit(mesg, [dis_width / 2, dis_height / 2])
while not game_over:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
game_over = True
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
x1_change = -snake_block
y1_change = 0
elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
x1_change = snake_block
y1_change = 0
elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
y1_change = -snake_block
x1_change = 0
elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
y1_change = snake_block
x1_change = 0
if x1 >= dis_width or x1 < 0 or y1 >= dis_height or y1 < 0:
game_over = True
x1 += x1_change
y1 += y1_change
dis.fill(white)
pygame.draw.rect(dis, black, [x1, y1, snake_block, snake_block])
pygame.display.update()
clock.tick(snake_speed)
message("你失败了，请重新开始游戏！", red)
pygame.display.update()
time.sleep(2)
pygame.quit()
quit()
增加食物
既然是贪吃蛇，当然要投食了，下面我们就来处理食物
import pygame
import time
import random
pygame.init()
pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇')
white = (255, 255, 255)
black = (0, 0, 0)
red = (255, 0, 0)
blue = (0, 0, 255)
dis_width = 800
dis_height = 600
dis = pygame.display.set_mode((dis_width, dis_height))
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
snake_block = 10
snake_speed = 30
font_style = pygame.font.Font("C:/Windows/Fonts/STFANGSO.TTF", 20)
def message(msg, color):
mesg = font_style.render(msg, True, color)
dis.blit(mesg, [dis_width / 3, dis_height / 3])
def gameLoop(): # creating a function
game_over = False
game_close = False
x1 = dis_width / 2
y1 = dis_height / 2
x1_change = 0
y1_change = 0
foodx = round(random.randrange(0, dis_width - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0
foody = round(random.randrange(0, dis_width - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0
while not game_over:
while game_close == True:
dis.fill(white)
message("你失败了，请重新开始游戏！", red)
pygame.display.update()
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_q:
game_over = True
game_close = False
if event.key == pygame.K_c:
gameLoop()
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
game_over = True
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
x1_change = -snake_block
y1_change = 0
elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
x1_change = snake_block
y1_change = 0
elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
y1_change = -snake_block
x1_change = 0
elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
y1_change = snake_block
x1_change = 0
if x1 >= dis_width or x1 < 0 or y1 >= dis_height or y1 < 0:
game_close = True
x1 += x1_change
y1 += y1_change
dis.fill(white)
pygame.draw.rect(dis, blue, [foodx, foody, snake_block, snake_block])
pygame.draw.rect(dis, black, [x1, y1, snake_block, snake_block])
pygame.display.update()
if x1 == foodx and y1 == foody:
print("Good!")
clock.tick(snake_speed)
pygame.quit()
quit()
gameLoop()
我这里创建了一个函数 gameLoop 作为我们的主函数，同时还初始化了 snake 的食物，还同时增加了键盘 c 和 q 关键字，来重新开始游戏和退出游戏
snake 的成长
下面我们就开始在 snake 吃掉食物之后，增加 snake 的长度，这也是游戏的基本规则
import pygame
import time
import random
pygame.init()
pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇')
font_style = pygame.font.Font("C:/Windows/Fonts/STFANGSO.TTF", 20)
score_font = pygame.font.Font("C:/Windows/Fonts/STCAIYUN.TTF", 30)
white = (255, 255, 255)
yellow = (255, 255, 102)
black = (0, 0, 0)
red = (213, 50, 80)
green = (0, 255, 0)
blue = (50, 153, 213)
dis_width = 600
dis_height = 400
dis = pygame.display.set_mode((dis_width, dis_height))
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
snake_block = 10
snake_speed = 15
def our_snake(snake_block, snake_list):
for x in snake_list:
pygame.draw.rect(dis, black, [x[0], x[1], snake_block, snake_block])
def message(msg, color):
mesg = font_style.render(msg, True, color)
dis.blit(mesg, [dis_width / 6, dis_height / 3])
def gameLoop():
game_over = False
game_close = False
x1 = dis_width / 2
y1 = dis_height / 2
x1_change = 0
y1_change = 0
snake_List = []
Length_of_snake = 1
foodx = round(random.randrange(0, dis_width - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0
foody = round(random.randrange(0, dis_height - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0
while not game_over:
while game_close == True:
dis.fill(blue)
message("你失败了，请重新开始游戏！", red)
pygame.display.update()
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_q:
game_over = True
game_close = False
if event.key == pygame.K_c:
gameLoop()
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
game_over = True
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
x1_change = -snake_block
y1_change = 0
elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
x1_change = snake_block
y1_change = 0
elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
y1_change = -snake_block
x1_change = 0
elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
y1_change = snake_block
x1_change = 0
if x1 >= dis_width or x1 < 0 or y1 >= dis_height or y1 < 0:
game_close = True
x1 += x1_change
y1 += y1_change
dis.fill(blue)
pygame.draw.rect(dis, green, [foodx, foody, snake_block, snake_block])
snake_Head = []
snake_Head.append(x1)
snake_Head.append(y1)
snake_List.append(snake_Head)
if len(snake_List) > Length_of_snake:
del snake_List[0]
for x in snake_List[:-1]:
if x == snake_Head:
game_close = True
our_snake(snake_block, snake_List)
pygame.display.update()
if x1 == foodx and y1 == foody:
foodx = round(random.randrange(0, dis_width - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0
foody = round(random.randrange(0, dis_height - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0
Length_of_snake += 1
clock.tick(snake_speed)
pygame.quit()
quit()
gameLoop()
展示得分
最后我们来显示得分，毕竟对于游戏来说，玩家的得分还是很重要的
import pygame
import time
import random
pygame.init()
pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇')
font_style = pygame.font.Font("C:/Windows/Fonts/STFANGSO.TTF", 20)
score_font = pygame.font.Font("C:/Windows/Fonts/STCAIYUN.TTF", 30)
white = (255, 255, 255)
yellow = (255, 255, 102)
black = (0, 0, 0)
red = (213, 50, 80)
green = (0, 255, 0)
blue = (50, 153, 213)
dis_width = 600
dis_height = 400
dis = pygame.display.set_mode((dis_width, dis_height))
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
snake_block = 10
snake_speed = 15
def Your_score(score):
value = score_font.render("Your Score: " + str(score), True, yellow)
dis.blit(value, [0, 0])
def our_snake(snake_block, snake_list):
for x in snake_list:
pygame.draw.rect(dis, black, [x[0], x[1], snake_block, snake_block])
def message(msg, color):
mesg = font_style.render(msg, True, color)
dis.blit(mesg, [dis_width / 6, dis_height / 3])
def gameLoop():
game_over = False
game_close = False
x1 = dis_width / 2
y1 = dis_height / 2
x1_change = 0
y1_change = 0
snake_List = []
Length_of_snake = 1
foodx = round(random.randrange(0, dis_width - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0
foody = round(random.randrange(0, dis_height - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0
while not game_over:
while game_close == True:
dis.fill(blue)
message("你失败了，请重新开始游戏！", red)
Your_score(Length_of_snake - 1)
pygame.display.update()
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_q:
game_over = True
game_close = False
if event.key == pygame.K_c:
gameLoop()
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
game_over = True
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
x1_change = -snake_block
y1_change = 0
elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
x1_change = snake_block
y1_change = 0
elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
y1_change = -snake_block
x1_change = 0
elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
y1_change = snake_block
x1_change = 0
if x1 >= dis_width or x1 < 0 or y1 >= dis_height or y1 < 0:
game_close = True
x1 += x1_change
y1 += y1_change
dis.fill(blue)
pygame.draw.rect(dis, green, [foodx, foody, snake_block, snake_block])
snake_Head = []
snake_Head.append(x1)
snake_Head.append(y1)
snake_List.append(snake_Head)
if len(snake_List) > Length_of_snake:
del snake_List[0]
for x in snake_List[:-1]:
if x == snake_Head:
game_close = True
our_snake(snake_block, snake_List)
Your_score(Length_of_snake - 1)
pygame.display.update()
if x1 == foodx and y1 == foody:
foodx = round(random.randrange(0, dis_width - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0
foody = round(random.randrange(0, dis_height - snake_block) / 10.0) * 10.0
Length_of_snake += 1
clock.tick(snake_speed)
pygame.quit()
quit()
gameLoop()
这里创建了一个 Your_score 函数来记录玩家得分
这样，我们就完成了一个简易的贪吃蛇小游戏了
最后的最后，我们再给游戏添加音乐背景，让游戏的时光更加惬意吧
# 播放音乐
pygame.init()
pygame.mixer.music.load(r"Game.mp3")
pygame.mixer.music.play()
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