小编给大家分享一下Linux下如何安装数据库管理系统MariaDB,相信大部分人都还不怎么了解,因此分享这篇文章给大家参考一下,希望大家阅读完这篇文章后大有收获,下面让我们一起去了解一下吧!
MariaDB数据库管理系统是 MySQL 的一个分支,主要由开源社区在维护,采用GPL授权许可 MariaDB的目的是完全兼容MySQL,包括API和命令行,使之能轻松成为MySQL的代替品。
安装
yum安装
yum install mariadb-server mariadb -y
查看版本
[root@mysqldb ~]# rpm -q mariadb-server mariadbmariadb-server-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64mariadb-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
设置开机自启动
[root@mysqldb ~]# systemctl enable mariadbCreated symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service.
配置安全脚本
安装完后,root密码默认是空,因此需要进行配置安全控制程序。
配置前需要先启动mariadb
systemctl start mariadb
启动安全配置程序
[root@mysqldb ~]# mysql_secure_installationNOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the currentpassword for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, andyou haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,so you should just press enter here.Enter current password for root (enter for none): #密码是空,回车即可。OK, successfully used password, moving on...Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDBroot user without the proper authorisation.Set root password? [Y/n] y #是否设置root密码,这里进行设置New password:Re-enter new password:Password updated successfully!Reloading privilege tables..... Success!By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyoneto log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created forthem. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installationgo a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into aproduction environment.Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y #删除匿名用户... Success!Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. Thisensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n #允许root远程登陆数据库... skipping.By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone canaccess. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removedbefore moving into a production environment.Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] n #不删除test数据库,后面测试可以使用... skipping.Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so farwill take effect immediately.Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y #重载授权表... Success!Cleaning up...All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDBinstallation should now be secure.Thanks for using MariaDB!
按照上面的提示进行配置,大致就ok了。
登陆数据库
上面已经设置了密码,因此不能只通过mysql就登陆数据库,后面必须加上用户和密码。
[root@mysqldb ~]# mysql -u root -pEnter password: #输出密码,不建议放在-p后面明文显示Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MariaDB connection id is 9Server version: 5.5.60-MariaDB MariaDB ServerCopyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.MariaDB [(none)]>
基本命令
查看数据库
show databases;
进入数据库
use mysql;
查看表列表
show tables;
查看表结构
desc user;
查看版本:
MariaDB [mysql]> select version();+----------------+| version() |+----------------+| 5.5.60-MariaDB |+----------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
目录结构
目录 | 说明 |
---|---|
/var/lib/mysql | mysql数据文件存放路径,可以自定义 |
/etc/my.cnf | mysql配置文件地址 |
/usr/lib64/mysql | mysql库文件路径 |
/usr/bin/mysql* | mysql二进制可执行文件路径 |
/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld | mysql服务管理脚本地址 |
/var/log/mysqld.log | mysql日志文件地址 |
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