DialogFragment的基本用法
1. 创建DialogFragment
public class DialogA extends DialogFragment implements DialogInterface.OnClickListener {
@Override
public Dialog onCreateDialog(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(getActivity());
builder.setMessage(R.string.dialoga_title)
.setPositiveButton(R.string.ok, this)
.setNegativeButton(R.string.cancel, this);
return builder.create();
}
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int id) {
switch(id) {
case AlertDialog.BUTTON_NEGATIVE:
Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "Negative", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case AlertDialog.BUTTON_POSITIVE:
Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "Positive", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
default:
break;
}
}
}
说明:自定义一个DialogFragment,并重写它的onCreateDialog()方法。
2. 调用该DialogFragment
下面是在FragmentActivity中调用该DialogFragment对话框。
public class DialogTest extends FragmentActivity {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
showDialog();
}
private void showDialog() {
FragmentManager fm = getSupportFragmentManager();
DialogA dialoga = new DialogA();
dialoga.show(fm, "fragmenta");
}
}
自定义DialogFragment布局
下面介绍自定义DialogFragment的布局的方法
点击查看:自定义DialogFragment布局的完整代码
1. 设置布局文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="@string/dialoga_intro" />
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/image"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:src="@drawable/ic_action_video" />
</LinearLayout>
2. 使用布局
public class DialogA extends DialogFragment implements DialogInterface.OnClickListener {
@Override
public Dialog onCreateDialog(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(getActivity());
LayoutInflater inflater = getActivity().getLayoutInflater();
builder.setView(inflater.inflate(R.layout.dialoga, null))
.setMessage(R.string.dialoga_title)
.setPositiveButton(R.string.ok, this)
.setNegativeButton(R.string.cancel, this);
return builder.create();
}
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int id) {
switch(id) {
case AlertDialog.BUTTON_NEGATIVE:
Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "Negative", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
case AlertDialog.BUTTON_POSITIVE:
Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "Positive", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
default:
break;
}
}
}
DialogFragment和Activity的交互
下面介绍自定义DialogFragment和Activity交互的方法
点击查看:DialogFragment和Activity交互的完整代码
1. 定义通信接口
在DialogFragment中定义它们之间的通信接口。
public interface NoticeDialogListener {
public void onDialogPositiveClick(DialogFragment dialog);
public void onDialogNegativeClick(DialogFragment dialog);
}
// Use this instance of the interface to deliver action events
NoticeDialogListener mListener;
// Override the Fragment.onAttach() method to instantiate the NoticeDialogListener
@Override
public void onAttach(Activity activity) {
super.onAttach(activity);
// Verify that the host activity implements the callback interface
try {
// Instantiate the NoticeDialogListener so we can send events to the host
mListener = (NoticeDialogListener) activity;
} catch (ClassCastException e) {
// The activity doesn't implement the interface, throw exception
throw new ClassCastException(activity.toString()
+ " must implement NoticeDialogListener");
}
}
2. 在DialogFragment中调用该接口
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int id) {
switch(id) {
case AlertDialog.BUTTON_POSITIVE:
//Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "Negative", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
mListener.onDialogPositiveClick(DialogA.this);
break;
case AlertDialog.BUTTON_NEGATIVE:
//Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "Positive", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
mListener.onDialogNegativeClick(DialogA.this);
break;
default:
break;
}
}
3. 在Activity中实现该接口
public class DialogTest extends FragmentActivity
implements DialogA.NoticeDialogListener {
...
@Override
public void onDialogPositiveClick(DialogFragment dialog) {
Toast.makeText(this, "Positive Callback", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
@Override
public void onDialogNegativeClick(DialogFragment dialog) {
Toast.makeText(this, "Negative Callback", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
Dialog与DialogFragment的对比
从代码的编写角度看,Dialog使用起来要更为简单,但是Google则是推荐尽量使用DialogFragment(对于Android 3.0以下的版本,可以结合使用support包中提供的DialogFragment以及FragmentActivity)。今天试着用这两种方式来创建对话框,发现DialogFragment果然有一个非常好的特性(在手机配置变化,导致Activity需要重新创建时,例如旋屏,基于DialogFragment的对话框将会由FragmentManager自动重建,然而基于Dialog实现的对话框则没有这样的能力)。
下面是两段实例代码:
他们使用的界面都一样:(dialog.xml)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<ImageView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher" />
</LinearLayout>
1.基于Dialog实现的对话框
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private Button clk;
private Dialog dialog;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
clk = (Button) findViewById(R.id.clk);
dialog = new Dialog(this);
dialog.setContentView(R.layout.dialog);
clk.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
dialog.show();
}
});
}
}
当我们点击按钮时,会弹出对话框(内容为android logo),当我们旋转屏幕后,Activity重新创建,整个Activity的界面没有问题,而对话框消失了。
除此之外,其实还有一个问题,就是在logcat中会看到异常信息:Android..leaked .. window,这是因为在Activity结束之前,Android要求所有的Dialog必须要关闭。我们旋屏后,Activity会被重建,而上面的代码逻辑并没有考虑到对话框的状态以及是否已关闭。
于是将上述代码修改为:
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private Button clk;
private Dialog dialog;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
clk = (Button) findViewById(R.id.clk);
dialog = new Dialog(this);
dialog.setContentView(R.layout.dialog);
clk.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
dialog.show();
}
});
//用户恢复对话框的状态
if(savedInstanceState != null && savedInstanceState.getBoolean("dialog_show"))
clk.performClick();
}
@Override
protected void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {
super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
if(dialog != null && dialog.isShowing())
outState.putBoolean("dialog_show", true);
else
outState.putBoolean("dialog_show", false);
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
if(dialog != null && dialog.isShowing())
dialog.dismiss();
}
}
2. 基于DialogFragment的对话框
与上面的对话框使用同样的界面布局,此处仅仅展现一个简单对话框,因此只重写了onCreateView方法
public class MyDialogFragment extends DialogFragment {
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
View v = inflater.inflate(R.layout.dialog, container, false);
return v;
}
}
public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity {
private Button clk;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
clk = (Button) findViewById(R.id.clk);
clk.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
MyDialogFragment mdf = new MyDialogFragment();
FragmentTransaction ft = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
ft.setTransition(FragmentTransaction.TRANSIT_FRAGMENT_FADE);
mdf.show(ft, "df");
}
});
}
}
这两段代码可以实现第一种方式的同样功能,此处我们并没有去关心对话框的重建,以及Activity销毁前对话框是否已关闭,这一切都是由FragmentManager来管理。
其实DialogFragment还拥有fragment的优点,即可以在一个Activity内部实现回退(因为FragmentManager会管理一个回退栈)