【背景】
Windows 的记事本会给 UTF-8 文件添加 BOM 头,很烦,搞个通用的读取配置文件的代码。可能报这种错误:
configparser.MissingSectionHeaderError: File contains no section headers.
file: 'D:\\Python3Project\\ClearWFWatermark\\config\\config.ini', line: 1
'\ufeff[config]\n'
【config.ini】
[config]
SrcRoot=D:\input
DstRoot=D:\output
【t.py】
#encoding=utf-8
#author: walker
#date: 2018-03-31
#summary: 读取 UTF-8/UTF-8-BOM 配置文件
import os, sys
from configparser import ConfigParser
SrcRoot = r''
DstRoot = r''
#读取配置文件
def ReadConfig():
global SrcRoot, DstRoot
cfg = ConfigParser()
# cfg.optionxform = str # 保持键的大小写
cfgFile = 'config.ini'
if not os.path.exists(cfgFile):
input(cfgFile + ' not found')
sys.exit(-1)
with open(cfgFile, mode='rb') as f:
content = f.read()
if content.startswith(b'\xef\xbb\xbf'): # 去掉 utf8 bom 头
content = content[3:]
cfg.read_string(content.decode('utf8'))
if not cfg.sections():
input('Read config.ini failed...')
sys.exit(-1)
SrcRoot = cfg.get('config', 'SrcRoot').strip()
if not os.path.exists(SrcRoot):
print('Error: not exists %s' % SrcRoot)
sys.exit(-1)
print('SrcRoot: %s' % SrcRoot)
DstRoot = cfg.get('config', 'DstRoot').strip()
if not os.path.exists(DstRoot):
print('Error: not exists %s' % DstRoot)
sys.exit(-1)
print('DstRoot: %s' % DstRoot)
print('Read config.ini successed!')
if __name__ == '__main__':
ReadConfig()
【cmd】
λ python3 t.py
SrcRoot: D:\input
DstRoot: D:\output
Read config.ini successed!
【读取配置文件,并转换为二级有序字典】
# encoding: utf-8
# author: walker
# date: 2018-06-01
# summary: 读取配置文件,并转换为二级有序字典,结果其实类似于私有变量 cfg._sections
import os, sys
from collections import OrderedDict
from configparser import ConfigParser
from pprint import pprint
# 读取配置文件
# 返回一个二级字典
def ReadConfig():
cfg = ConfigParser()
cfg.optionxform = str # 保持键的大小写
cfgFile = 'config.ini'
if not os.path.exists(cfgFile):
input(cfgFile + ' not found')
sys.exit(-1)
with open(cfgFile, mode='rb') as f:
content = f.read()
if content.startswith(b'\xef\xbb\xbf'): # 去掉 utf8 bom 头
content = content[3:]
cfg.read_string(content.decode('utf8'))
if not cfg.sections():
input('Read config.ini failed...')
sys.exit(-1)
dic = OrderedDict()
for section in cfg.sections():
dic[section] = OrderedDict()
for option in cfg.options(section):
dic[section][option] = cfg.get(section, option).strip()
#pprint(dic)
print('Read %s completed!' % cfgFile)
return dic
*** walker ***