这一期我们来讲一讲LayoutParams这个玩意儿。Android入门的第一行代码就牵扯到这个东西,然而,你真的理解够了吗?
第一层理解
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
</RelativeLayout>
layout_width和layout_height这个是不是最开始学的时候,就要搞清楚的基础知识,match_parent代表填充屏幕,wrap_content代表包裹内容。这些其实是系统控件定义的属性,通过TypedArray进行解析。
第二层理解
val lp = RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT)
lp.addRule(RelativeLayout.ALIGN_PARENT_RIGHT)
lp.addRule(RelativeLayout.CENTER_VERTICAL)
lp.addRule(RelativeLayout.BELOW, viewId)
lp.setMargins(10, 20, 10, 20)
使用代码动态布局的时候设置LayoutParams。
第三层理解
好了,知识是在不断打破旧的认识中进步的,第一层实际还没到LayoutParams,还只是AttributeSet。系统何时将布局中的AttributeSet解析成LayoutParams的呢?
@Override
public LayoutParams generateLayoutParams(AttributeSet attrs) {
return new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(getContext(), attrs);
}
protected LayoutParams generateDefaultLayoutParams() {
return new LayoutParams(LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
}
ViewGroup有个关键的方法,generateLayoutParams()。
public LayoutParams(Context c, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(c, attrs);
TypedArray a = c.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs,
com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout);
final int targetSdkVersion = c.getApplicationInfo().targetSdkVersion;
mIsRtlCompatibilityMode = (targetSdkVersion < JELLY_BEAN_MR1 ||
!c.getApplicationInfo().hasRtlSupport());
final int[] rules = mRules;
//noinspection MismatchedReadAndWriteOfArray
final int[] initialRules = mInitialRules;
final int N = a.getIndexCount();
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
int attr = a.getIndex(i);
switch (attr) {
case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_alignWithParentIfMissing:
alignWithParent = a.getBoolean(attr, false);
break;
case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_toLeftOf:
rules[LEFT_OF] = a.getResourceId(attr, 0);
break;
case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_toRightOf:
rules[RIGHT_OF] = a.getResourceId(attr, 0);
break;
case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_above:
rules[ABOVE] = a.getResourceId(attr, 0);
break;
case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_below:
rules[BELOW] = a.getResourceId(attr, 0);
break;
case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_alignBaseline:
rules[ALIGN_BASELINE] = a.getResourceId(attr, 0);
break;
case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_alignLeft:
rules[ALIGN_LEFT] = a.getResourceId(attr, 0);
break;
case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_alignTop:
rules[ALIGN_TOP] = a.getResourceId(attr, 0);
break;
case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_alignRight:
rules[ALIGN_RIGHT] = a.getResourceId(attr, 0);
break;
case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_alignBottom:
rules[ALIGN_BOTTOM] = a.getResourceId(attr, 0);
break;
case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_alignParentLeft:
rules[ALIGN_PARENT_LEFT] = a.getBoolean(attr, false) ? TRUE : 0;
break;
case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_alignParentTop:
rules[ALIGN_PARENT_TOP] = a.getBoolean(attr, false) ? TRUE : 0;
break;
case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_alignParentRight:
rules[ALIGN_PARENT_RIGHT] = a.getBoolean(attr, false) ? TRUE : 0;
break;
case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_alignParentBottom:
rules[ALIGN_PARENT_BOTTOM] = a.getBoolean(attr, false) ? TRUE : 0;
break;
case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_centerInParent:
rules[CENTER_IN_PARENT] = a.getBoolean(attr, false) ? TRUE : 0;
break;
case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_centerHorizontal:
rules[CENTER_HORIZONTAL] = a.getBoolean(attr, false) ? TRUE : 0;
break;
case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_centerVertical:
rules[CENTER_VERTICAL] = a.getBoolean(attr, false) ? TRUE : 0;
break;
case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_toStartOf:
rules[START_OF] = a.getResourceId(attr, 0);
break;
case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_toEndOf:
rules[END_OF] = a.getResourceId(attr, 0);
break;
case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_alignStart:
rules[ALIGN_START] = a.getResourceId(attr, 0);
break;
case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_alignEnd:
rules[ALIGN_END] = a.getResourceId(attr, 0);
break;
case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_alignParentStart:
rules[ALIGN_PARENT_START] = a.getBoolean(attr, false) ? TRUE : 0;
break;
case com.android.internal.R.styleable.RelativeLayout_Layout_layout_alignParentEnd:
rules[ALIGN_PARENT_END] = a.getBoolean(attr, false) ? TRUE : 0;
break;
}
}
mRulesChanged = true;
System.arraycopy(rules, LEFT_OF, initialRules, LEFT_OF, VERB_COUNT);
a.recycle();
}
这个代码熟悉吧,这就是我们之前讲过的自定义属性啊!没错,xml布局中的属性会先被解析成LayoutParams。那么我问你个问题,你觉得generateLayoutParams()和generateDefaultLayoutParams()的这个LayoutParams是给自己用的呢?还是给它的子控件用的呢?它是给子控件用的。自己的那个直接在构造方法中就从AttributeSet解析出来了。这样你就理解了,为什么RelativeLayout的那些个
android:layout_centerVertical="true"
android:layout_alignParentEnd="true"
怎么全部定义在子控件里面了。然后ViewGroup的addView()方法中就可以带上这个LayoutParams了。
public void addView(View child, int index) {
if (child == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot add a null child view to a ViewGroup");
}
LayoutParams params = child.getLayoutParams();
if (params == null) {
params = generateDefaultLayoutParams();
if (params == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"generateDefaultLayoutParams() cannot return null ");
}
}
addView(child, index, params);
}
你不重写generateLayoutParams()方法,怎么在添加子控件的时候,让子控件用你的LayoutParams呢?
public static class LayoutParams extends ViewGroup.MarginLayoutParams {
}
以上是LinearLayout.LayoutParams的摘要,我们自定义ViewGroup的时候,是不是也可以继承个ViewGroup的LayoutParams玩一玩呢?然后重写generateLayoutParams()和generateDefaultLayoutParams()方法。
@Override
public LayoutParams generateLayoutParams(AttributeSet attrs) {
return new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(getContext(), attrs);
}
这里return你的ViewGroup的LayoutParams,然后在你的ViewGroup的LayoutParams的构造方法中就可以解析自定义属性attrs了。如果忘记了解析方式,我给你个提示,使用context的obtainStyledAttributes()方法。
大部分停留在第二层理解,你如果学会了第三层,那么你自定义View又可以玩出新的高度了。
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