这篇文章主要介绍“SpringBoot整合Quartz及异步调用的方法是什么”，在日常操作中，相信很多人在SpringBoot整合Quartz及异步调用的方法是什么问题上存在疑惑，小编查阅了各式资料，整理出简单好用的操作方法，希望对大家解答”SpringBoot整合Quartz及异步调用的方法是什么”的疑惑有所帮助！接下来，请跟着小编一起来学习吧！
一、异步方法调用
由于多个任务同时执行时，默认为单线程，所以我们用异步方法调用，使其成为多线程执行
看一个案例
1、导入依赖
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency>2、创建异步执行任务线程池
这里我们使用springboot自带的线程池
package com.lzl.config;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.AsyncConfigurer;import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;import java.util.concurrent.Executor;@Configurationpublic class AsyncExcutorPoolConfig implements AsyncConfigurer { @Bean("asyncExecutor") @Override public Executor getAsyncExecutor() { //Spring自带的线程池（最常用） ThreadPoolTaskExecutor taskExecutor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor(); //线程：IO密集型 和 CPU密集型 //线程设置参数 taskExecutor.setCorePoolSize(8);//核心线程数，根据电脑的核数 taskExecutor.setMaxPoolSize(16);//最大线程数一般为核心线程数的2倍 taskExecutor.setWaitForTasksToCompleteOnShutdown(true);//任务执行完成后关闭 return taskExecutor; }}注意注解不要少
3、创建业务层接口和实现类
package com.lzl.Service;public interface AsyncService { void testAsync1(); void testAsync2();}package com.lzl.Service.impl;import com.lzl.Service.AsyncService;import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;@Servicepublic class AsyncImpl implements AsyncService { @Async @Override public void testAsync1() { try { Thread.sleep(3000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println("精准是唯一重要的标准！"); } @Async("asyncExecutor")//开启异步执行 @Override public void testAsync2() { try { Thread.sleep(3000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println("效率是成功的核心关键！"); }}创建业务层接口和实现类
package com.lzl.task;import com.lzl.Service.AsyncService;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestController@RequestMapping("/login")public class LoginController { @Autowired private AsyncService service; @RequestMapping("/Async1") public String testAsync1(){ service.testAsync1(); return "牛逼！"; } @RequestMapping("/Async2") public String testAsync2(){ service.testAsync2(); return "不牛逼！"; }}在启动类开启异步
整体目录结构如下：
测试：
运行项目，访问controller
访问controller时，页面直接出现返回值，控制台过了两秒打印文字，证明异步执行成功！
二、测试定时任务
1.导入依赖
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency>2.编写测试类，开启扫描定时任务
package com.lzl.task;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;import java.util.Date;//任务类@Configurationpublic class Tasks { @Async @Scheduled(cron = "*/2 * * * * ?") public void task1(){ System.out.println("效率"+new Date().toLocaleString()); } @Async @Scheduled(cron = "*/1 * * * * ?") public void task2(){ System.out.println("精准"+new Date().toLocaleString()); }}
3.测试
三、实现定时发送邮件案例
这里以QQ邮箱为例，这个功能类似于通过邮箱找回密码类似，需要我们进行授权码操作
1.邮箱开启IMAP服务
登陆QQ邮箱，找到帐户，下拉
看到如下图：
我这里已经开启了，按照步骤操作，会有一个授权码，保存好下边步骤要用，此处不再演示
2.导入依赖
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- 邮箱 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency>3.导入EmailUtil
package com.lzl.utils;import javax.mail.*;import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;import java.util.Properties;import java.util.Random;public class EmailUtil { private static final String USER = "@qq.com"; // 发件人邮箱地址 private static final String PASSWORD = ""; // qq邮箱的客户端授权码（需要发短信获取） public static boolean sendMail(String to, String text, String title) { try { final Properties props = new Properties(); props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); props.put("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.qq.com"); // 发件人的账号 props.put("mail.user", USER); //发件人的密码 props.put("mail.password", PASSWORD); // 构建授权信息，用于进行SMTP进行身份验证 Authenticator authenticator = new Authenticator() { @Override protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() { // 用户名、密码 String userName = props.getProperty("mail.user"); String password = props.getProperty("mail.password"); return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password); } }; // 使用环境属性和授权信息，创建邮件会话 Session mailSession = Session.getInstance(props, authenticator); // 创建邮件消息 MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(mailSession); // 设置发件人 String username = props.getProperty("mail.user"); InternetAddress form = new InternetAddress(username); message.setFrom(form); // 设置收件人 InternetAddress toAddress = new InternetAddress(to); message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, toAddress); // 设置邮件 message.setSubject(title); // 设置邮件的内容体 message.setContent(text, "text/html;charset=UTF-8"); // 发送邮件 Transport.send(message); return true; } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return false; } //随机生成num个数字验证码 public static String getValidateCode(int num) { Random random = new Random(); String validateCode = ""; for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) { //0 - 9 之间 随机生成 num 次 int result = random.nextInt(10); validateCode += result; } return validateCode; } //测试 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { //给指定邮箱发送邮件 EmailUtil.sendMail("729953102@qq.com", "你好，这是一封测试邮件，无需回复。", "测试邮件随机生成的验证码是：" + getValidateCode(6)); System.out.println("发送成功"); }}4.编写邮件发送方法
package com.lzl.task;import com.lzl.utils.EmailUtil;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;@Configurationpublic class TaskEmail { //指定时间进行发送邮件 @Scheduled(cron = "10 49 11 * * ?") public void sendMail(){ EmailUtil.sendMail("自己的邮箱@qq.com", "效率，是成功的核心关键！", "测试邮件随机生成的验证码是：" + EmailUtil.getValidateCode(6)); }}5.开启异步和定时任务
package com.lzl;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;@SpringBootApplication@EnableAsync//开启异步@EnableScheduling//开启定时任务public class QuartzStudyApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(QuartzStudyApplication.class, args); }}到此，关于“SpringBoot整合Quartz及异步调用的方法是什么”的学习就结束了，希望能够解决大家的疑惑。理论与实践的搭配能更好的帮助大家学习，快去试试吧！若想继续学习更多相关知识，请继续关注编程网网站，小编会继续努力为大家带来更多实用的文章！
