这篇文章将为大家详细讲解有关angular8封装http服务的方法,小编觉得挺实用的,因此分享给大家做个参考,希望大家阅读完这篇文章后可以有所收获。
HttpClientModule
要在angular里使用http服务必须先在
app.module.ts
里导入HttpClientModule
模块,不然会报错。
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';import { RouteReuseStrategy } from '@angular/router';// 导入关键模块import { HttpClientModule } from '@angular/common/http';import { IonicModule, IonicRouteStrategy } from '@ionic/angular';import { SplashScreen } from '@ionic-native/splash-screen/ngx';import { StatusBar } from '@ionic-native/status-bar/ngx';import { AppRoutingModule } from './app-routing.module';import { AppComponent } from './app.component';@NgModule({ declarations: [AppComponent], entryComponents: [], imports: [BrowserModule, IonicModule.forRoot(), AppRoutingModule, HttpClientModule], providers: [ StatusBar, SplashScreen, { provide: RouteReuseStrategy, useClass: IonicRouteStrategy } ], bootstrap: [AppComponent]})export class AppModule { }
封装http
根据angular的官网,请求返回的是数据的
Observable
对象,所以组件要订阅(subscribe) 该方法的返回值。
import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';import { HttpClient, HttpParams, HttpErrorResponse } from '@angular/common/http';import { Observable, throwError } from 'rxjs';import { catchError } from 'rxjs/operators';@Injectable({ providedIn: 'root'})export class HttpService { private http: any; constructor(private Http: HttpClient) { this.http = Http; } // get方法 public get(url: string, options?: Object, params?: Object): Observable<{}> { let httpParams = new HttpParams(); if (params) { for (const key in params) { if (params[key] === false || params[key]) { httpParams = httpParams.set(key, params[key]); } } } return this.http.get(url, { headers: options, params: httpParams }).pipe(catchError(this.handleError)); } // post方法 public post(url: string, body: any = null, options?: Object): Observable<{}> { return this.http.post(url, body, options).pipe(catchError(this.handleError)); } // post表单 public postForm(url: string, body: any = null, options?: Object): Observable<{}> { let httpParams = new HttpParams(); if (body) { for (const key in body) { if (body[key] === false || body[key]) { httpParams = httpParams.set(key, body[key]); } } } return this.http.post(url, httpParams, options).pipe(catchError(this.handleError)); } private handleError(error: HttpErrorResponse) { if (error.error instanceof ErrorEvent) { console.error('An error occurred:', error.error.message); } else { console.error( `Backend returned code ${error.status}, ` + `body was: ${error.error}`); } console.log(error); return throwError(error.error); }}
这里贴上get、post
两种的方式的例子,其他如delete这些就不展示了,一样的原理。
细节
稍微说一下里面的细节:
return this.http.post(url, httpParams, options).pipe(catchError(this.handleError));
这里返回的是Observable<{}>
,并通过pipe管道处理请求异常,异常的处理在最下面的handleError
方法里。
使用
// 引入封装好的http服务constructor(private http: HttpService) { }public testGet(url: string, successCallback?: Function, failCallback?: Function) { const httpOptions = { headers: new HttpHeaders({ 'Content-Type': 'application/json; charset=UTF-8' }) }; this.http.get(url, httpOptions.headers).subscribe( (res: any) => { successCallback(res); // 成功走sucessCallback }, (err: HttpErrorResponse) => { failCallback(err); // 失败 } );}
这是一个具体的get请求service,testGet
定义里三个参数,一个是请求地址,还有成功的回调与失败的回掉。
subscribe订阅observable 对象。
在component里使用
this.testService.testGet('url', (res:any) => {}, (err:any) =>{});
关于“angular8封装http服务的方法”这篇文章就分享到这里了,希望以上内容可以对大家有一定的帮助,使各位可以学到更多知识,如果觉得文章不错,请把它分享出去让更多的人看到。