row_input的使用：
>>> name=raw_input("please input your name:")
please input your name:xiaobai
>>> name
'xiaobai'编写小程序，询问用户姓名，性别，年龄，工作，工资，以格式化的方式输出：
Information of company stuff：
Name：
Age：
Sex：
Job：
代码：
[root@nfs-server ~]# vim information_of_stuff.py
#!/bin/python
name=raw_input("Please input your name:")
age=raw_input("Please input your age:")
sex=raw_input("Please input your sex:")
job=raw_input("Please input your job:")
print '''
==============================
Information of company stuff:
Name: %s
Age: %s
Sex: %s
Job: %s
=============================='''%(name,age,sex,job)执行：
[root@nfs-server ~]# python information_of_stuff.py
Please input your name:xiaobai
Please input your age:25
Please input your sex:male
Please input your job:engineer
==============================
Information of company stuff:
Name: xiaobai
Age: 25
Sex: male
Job: engineer
==============================输入一个0~100直接的数字让用户猜，并且猜测次数不能大于三次。
[root@nfs-client2 ~]# vim guess_num.py
#!/bin/python
import os
os.system('clear') #执行时先清屏
real_num=int(raw_input("please input the real_num from 0 to 100:"))
os.system('clear') #输入让用户猜的数字后清屏
retry_count=0 #设定循环关闭条件
while retry_count<3: #后面加冒号
guess_num=int(raw_input("Please input a number from 0 to 100:"))
if guess_num>real_num:
print "Wrong! Please try smaller!"
retry_count+=1 #自增
elif guess_num<real_num: #多个条件用elif
print "Wrong! Please try bigger!"
retry_count+=1
else: #最后一个条件用
print "Congurations! You got it!"
break #跳出循环
else:
print "Too much times!"Python不像shell，没有fi循环关闭符号，而是通过缩进控制代码层级，同一级代码缩进应保持一致，if和else不属于同一级，缩进不同也可执行，但不符合书写规范。
raw_input输入的是字符串，字符串与数字比较时会自动转为ASCII值进行比较，因此要使用int将其转换为整数类型，break为跳出循环。
ord：将字符串转换为ASCII对应的值。
>>> print ord("a")
97
>>> print ord("1")
49优化代码，以上代码输入回车或字符串会报错，且数字不是随机值，需要优化。
[root@nfs-client2 ~]# vim guess_num.py
#!/bin/python
import os
import random
os.system('clear')
real_num=random.randrange(100)
os.system('clear')
retry_count=0
while retry_count<3:
guess_num=raw_input("Please input a number from 0 to 100:").strip() #去空格回车
if len(guess_num)==0: #判断字符串长度是否为0
continue
if guess_num.isdigit(): #判断是否全为数字
guess_num=int(guess_num)
else:
print "You should input a number instead of string!"
continue #跳出当前循环，进行下一次循环
if guess_num>real_num:
print "Wrong! Please try smaller!"
elif guess_num<real_num:
print "Wrong! Please try bigger!"
else:
print "Congurations! You got the real number %d !"%real_num
break
retry_count+=1
else:
print "Too much times! The real number is",real_num.strip()表示将输入的空格和回车去掉；
len（guess_num）表示计算字符串的长度；
continue表示跳出当前循环，进行下一次循环；
isdigit()表示判断是否全是数字；
将上述循环更改为for循环：
[root@nfs-client2 ~]# vim guess_num_for.py
#!/bin/python
import os
import random
os.system('clear')
real_num=random.randrange(100)
os.system('clear')
for i in range(3):
guess_num=raw_input("Please input a number from 0 to 100:").strip()
if len(guess_num)==0:
continue
if guess_num.isdigit():
guess_num=int(guess_num)
else:
print "You should input a number instead of string!"
continue
if guess_num>real_num:
print "Wrong! Please try smaller!"
elif guess_num<real_num:
print "Wrong! Please try bigger!"
else:
print "Congurations! You got the real number %d !"%real_num
break
else:
print "Too much times! The real number is",real_numrange为数组，其参数分别为起始值，末尾值，步长。
>>> range(10)
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
>>> range(2,10,2)
[2, 4, 6, 8]
>>> range(2,20,5)
[2, 7, 12, 17]设计一个多层循环，用户输入密码正确的话进入目录进行选择，并能退出循环。
[root@nfs-client2 ~]# cat mulit_loop.py
#!/bin/python
passwd="test"
logout=False #加跳出的flag
for i in range(3):
password=raw_input("Please input your password:").strip()
if len(password)==0:
continue
if password==passwd:
print "Welcome to login!"
while True:
user_select=raw_input('''
====================================
Please input a number to continue
1.Send files;
2.Send emalis;
3.exit this level;
4.exit the whole loop.
====================================
''').strip()
user_select=int(user_select)
if user_select==1:
print "Sending files as you wish!"
if user_select==2:
print "Sending emails as you wish!"
if user_select==3:
print "Exit this level,please re-input the password!"
break
if user_select==4:
print "Ok, let's have a break!"
logout=True
break
if logout==True:
break
