这篇文章将为大家详细讲解有关如何在pytest中使用pytest.ini配置文件，文章内容质量较高，因此小编分享给大家做个参考，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后对相关知识有一定的了解。
pytest配置文件可以改变pytest的运行方式，它是一个固定的文件pytest.ini文件，读取配置信息，按指定的方式去运行
非test文件
pytest里面有些文件是非test文件
pytest.ini：pytest的主配置文件，可以改变pytest的默认行为
conftest.py：测试用例的一些fixture配置
_init_.py：识别该文件夹为python的package包
查看pytest.ini的配置选项
cmd执行
pytest --help找到这部分内容
[pytest] ini-options in the first pytest.ini|tox.ini|setup.cfg file found: markers (linelist): markers for test functions empty_parameter_set_mark (string): default marker for empty parametersets norecursedirs (args): directory patterns to avoid for recursion testpaths (args): directories to search for tests when no files or directories are given in the command line. usefixtures (args): list of default fixtures to be used with this project python_files (args): glob-style file patterns for Python test module discovery python_classes (args): prefixes or glob names for Python test class discovery python_functions (args): prefixes or glob names for Python test function and method discovery disable_test_id_escaping_and_forfeit_all_rights_to_community_support (bool): disable string escape non-ascii characters, might cause unwanted side effects(use at your own risk) console_output_style (string): console output: "classic", or with additional progress information ("progress" (percentage) | "count"). xfail_strict (bool): default for the strict parameter of xfail markers when not given explicitly (default: False) enable_assertion_pass_hook (bool): Enables the pytest_assertion_pass hook.Make sure to delete any previously generated pyc cache files. junit_suite_name (string): Test suite name for JUnit report junit_logging (string): Write captured log messages to JUnit report: one of no|log|system-out|system-err|out-err|all junit_log_passing_tests (bool): Capture log information for passing tests to JUnit report: junit_duration_report (string): Duration time to report: one of total|call junit_family (string): Emit XML for schema: one of legacy|xunit1|xunit2 doctest_optionflags (args): option flags for doctests doctest_encoding (string): encoding used for doctest files cache_dir (string): cache directory path. filterwarnings (linelist): Each line specifies a pattern for warnings.filterwarnings. Processed after -W/--pythonwarnings. log_print (bool): default value for --no-print-logs log_level (string): default value for --log-level log_format (string): default value for --log-format log_date_format (string): default value for --log-date-format log_cli (bool): enable log display during test run (also known as "live logging"). log_cli_level (string): default value for --log-cli-level log_cli_format (string): default value for --log-cli-format log_cli_date_format (string): default value for --log-cli-date-format log_file (string): default value for --log-file log_file_level (string): default value for --log-file-level log_file_format (string): default value for --log-file-format log_file_date_format (string): default value for --log-file-date-format log_auto_indent (string): default value for --log-auto-indent faulthandler_timeout (string): Dump the traceback of all threads if a test takes more than TIMEOUT seconds to finish. Not available on Windows. addopts (args): extra command line options minversion (string): minimally required pytest version rsyncdirs (pathlist): list of (relative) paths to be rsynced for remote distributed testing. rsyncignore (pathlist): list of (relative) glob-style paths to be ignored for rsyncing. looponfailroots (pathlist): directories to check for changespytest.ini应该放哪里？
就放在项目根目录下 ，不要乱放，不要乱起其他名字
接下来讲下常用的配置项
marks
作用：测试用例中添加了 @pytest.mark.webtest 装饰器，如果不添加marks选项的话，就会报warnings
格式：list列表类型
写法：
[pytest]markers = weibo: this is weibo page toutiao: toutiao xinlang: xinlangxfail_strict
作用：设置xfail_strict = True可以让那些标记为@pytest.mark.xfail但实际通过显示XPASS的测试用例被报告为失败
格式：True 、False（默认），1、0
写法：
[pytest]# mark标记说明markers = weibo: this is weibo page toutiao: toutiao xinlang: xinlangxfail_strict = True具体代码栗子
未设置 xfail_strict = True 时，测试结果显示XPASS
@pytest.mark.xfail()def test_case1(): a = "a" b = "b" assert a != bcollecting ... collected 1 item
02断言异常.py::test_case1 XPASS [100%]
============================= 1 xpassed in 0.02s ==============================
已设置 xfail_strict = True 时，测试结果显示failed
collecting ... collected 1 item02断言异常.py::test_case1 FAILED [100%]02断言异常.py:54 (test_case1)[XPASS(strict)] ================================== FAILURES ===================================_________________________________ test_case1 __________________________________[XPASS(strict)] =========================== short test summary info ===========================FAILED 02断言异常.py::test_case1============================== 1 failed in 0.02s ==============================addopts
作用：addopts参数可以更改默认命令行选项，这个当我们在cmd输入一堆指令去执行用例的时候，就可以用该参数代替了，省去重复性的敲命令工作
比如：想测试完生成报告，失败重跑两次，一共运行两次，通过分布式去测试，如果在cmd中写的话，命令会很长
pytest -v --rerun=2 --count=2 --html=report.html --self-contained-html -n=auto每次都这样敲不太现实，addopts就可以完美解决这个问题
[pytest]# markmarkers = weibo: this is weibo page toutiao: toutiao xinlang: xinlangxfail_strict = True# 命令行参数addopts = -v --reruns=1 --count=2 --html=reports.html --self-contained-html -n=auto加了addopts之后，我们在cmd中只需要敲pytest就可以生效了！！
log_cli
作用：控制台实时输出日志
格式：log_cli=True 或False（默认），或者log_cli=1 或 0
log_cli=0的运行结果
log_cli=1的运行结果
结论
很明显，加了log_cli=1之后，可以清晰看到哪个package下的哪个module下的哪个测试用例是否passed还是failed；
所以平时测试代码是否有问题的情况下推荐加！！！但如果拿去批量跑测试用例的话不建议加，谁知道会不会影响运行性能呢？
norecursedirs
作用：pytest 收集测试用例时，会递归遍历所有子目录，包括某些你明知道没必要遍历的目录，遇到这种情况，可以使用 norecursedirs 参数简化 pytest 的搜索工作【还是挺有用的！！！】
默认设置： norecursedirs = .* build dist CVS _darcs {arch} *.egg
正确写法：多个路径用空格隔开
[pytest]norecursedirs = .* build dist CVS _darcs {arch} *.egg venv src resources log report util更改测试用例收集规则
pytest默认的测试用例收集规则
文件名以 test_*.py 文件和 *_test.py
以 test_ 开头的函数
以 Test 开头的类，不能包含 __init__ 方法
以 test_ 开头的类里面的方法
我们是可以修改或者添加这个用例收集规则的；当然啦，是建议在原有的规则上添加的，如下配置
[pytest]python_files = test_* *_test test*python_classes = Test* test*python_functions = test_* test*关于如何在pytest中使用pytest.ini配置文件就分享到这里了，希望以上内容可以对大家有一定的帮助，可以学到更多知识。如果觉得文章不错，可以把它分享出去让更多的人看到。
