1.Shito简介
1.1 什么是shiro
Apache Shiro是一个java安全（权限）框架
Shiro可以非常容易的开发出足够好的应用，其不仅可以用在javase环境，也可以用在javaee环境
shiro可以完成，认证，授权，加密，会话管理，web集成，缓存等。
下载地址：http://shiro.apache.org/
1.2 有哪些功能
2.QuickStart
Git下载地址
官网下载的可能慢一些
首先新建一个普通的maven项目，然后在项目中导入新的maven项目模块，结构如下：
然后开始创建我们需要的文件，这些文件都可以在官网下载的文件中可以找到：
shiro.ini：
# Users and their assigned roles
#
# Each line conforms to the format defined in the
# org.apache.shiro.realm.text.TextConfigurationRealm#setUserDefinitions JavaDoc
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[users]
# user 'root' with password 'secret' and the 'admin' role
root = secret, admin
# user 'guest' with the password 'guest' and the 'guest' role
guest = guest, guest
# user 'presidentskroob' with password '12345' ("That's the same combination on
# my luggage!!!" ;)), and role 'president'
presidentskroob = 12345, president
# user 'darkhelmet' with password 'ludicrousspeed' and roles 'darklord' and 'schwartz'
darkhelmet = ludicrousspeed, darklord, schwartz
# user 'lonestarr' with password 'vespa' and roles 'goodguy' and 'schwartz'
lonestarr = vespa, goodguy, schwartz
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Roles with assigned permissions
#
# Each line conforms to the format defined in the
# org.apache.shiro.realm.text.TextConfigurationRealm#setRoleDefinitions JavaDoc
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[roles]
# 'admin' role has all permissions, indicated by the wildcard '*'
admin = *
# The 'schwartz' role can do anything (*) with any lightsaber:
schwartz = lightsaber:*
# The 'goodguy' role is allowed to 'drive' (action) the winnebago (type) with
# license plate 'eagle5' (instance specific id)
goodguy = winnebago:drive:eagle5
导入相关依赖 pom.xml,官网未给出详细的依赖，具体的参考给出的git下载的文件，然后做了一些简单的修改。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>Shiro</artifactId>
<groupId>com.nuist</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>hello-shiro</artifactId>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId>
<version>1.4.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- configure logging -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
<version>1.7.21</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.7.12</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
log4j.prop[erties:
log4j.rootLogger=INFO, stdout
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p [%c] - %m%n
最重要的配置文件：
QuickStart:
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.DefaultSecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.text.IniRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import javax.naming.InitialContext;
public class Quickstart {
private static final transient Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Quickstart.class);
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 旧方法，由于shiro更新无法正常使用
// Factory<SecurityManager> factory = new IniSecurityManagerFactory("classpath:shiro.ini");
// SecurityManager securityManager = factory.getInstance();
// 新方法 shiro更新问题 解决正常运行
DefaultSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultSecurityManager();
IniRealm iniRealm = new IniRealm("classpath:shiro.ini");
securityManager.setRealm(iniRealm);
SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
// Now that a simple Shiro environment is set up, let's see what you can do:
// 获取当前用户对象
Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
// 通过当前用户拿到session
Session session = currentUser.getSession();
session.setAttribute("someKey", "aValue");
String value = (String) session.getAttribute("someKey");
if (value.equals("aValue")) {
log.info("subject =>! [" + value + "]");
}
// 判断当前用户是否被认证
if (!currentUser.isAuthenticated()) {
UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("lonestarr", "vespa");
token.setRememberMe(true); // 设置记住我
try {
currentUser.login(token);
} catch (UnknownAccountException uae) {
log.info("There is no user with username of " + token.getPrincipal());
} catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {
log.info("Password for account " + token.getPrincipal() + " was incorrect!");
} catch (LockedAccountException lae) {
log.info("The account for username " + token.getPrincipal() + " is locked. " +
"Please contact your administrator to unlock it.");
}
// 最重要的一个异常，认证异常
catch (AuthenticationException ae) {
//unexpected condition? error?
}
}
//say who they are:
//print their identifying principal (in this case, a username):
log.info("User [" + currentUser.getPrincipal() + "] logged in successfully.");
//test a role:
if (currentUser.hasRole("schwartz")) {
log.info("May the Schwartz be with you!");
} else {
log.info("Hello, mere mortal.");
}
// 测试一个简单的权限
// 粗粒度的一个权限限制
if (currentUser.isPermitted("lightsaber:wield")) {
log.info("You may use a lightsaber ring. Use it wisely.");
} else {
log.info("Sorry, lightsaber rings are for schwartz masters only.");
}
//a (very powerful) Instance Level permission:
if (currentUser.isPermitted("winnebago:drive:eagle5")) {
log.info("You are permitted to 'drive' the winnebago with license plate (id) 'eagle5'. " +
"Here are the keys - have fun!");
} else {
log.info("Sorry, you aren't allowed to drive the 'eagle5' winnebago!");
}
//注销功能
currentUser.logout();
System.exit(0);
}
}
以上主要的几个关键部分代码：
对象初始化部分
// 新方法 shiro更新问题 解决正常运行
DefaultSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultSecurityManager();
IniRealm iniRealm = new IniRealm("classpath:shiro.ini");
securityManager.setRealm(iniRealm);
SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
获取当前用户
Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
判断用户是否被认证
!currentUser.isAuthenticated()
判断用户是否具有什么角色
currentUser.hasRole("schwartz")
判断用户是否拥有权限
currentUser.isPermitted("lightsaber:wield")
注销
currentUser.logout();
此时我们运行启动，项目如下，那么一个简单的shiro quickStart 就已经启动好了。
注意
shir最重要的三个部分：
- subject 用户
- SecurityManager 管理所有的用户
- Realm 连接数据
3.SpringBoot中集成
1.导入shiro相关依赖
<!--
subject 用户
SecurityManager 管理所有用户
Realm 连接数据
-->
<!--shiro与springboot-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.6.0</version>
</dependency>
2.自定义UserRealm
package com.nuist.shirospringboot.config;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
System.out.println("执行了=》授权doGetAuthorizationInfo方法");
return null;
}
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
System.out.println("执行了-》认证doGetAuthenticationInfo");
return null;
}
}
3.定义shiroConfig
package com.nuist.shirospringboot.config;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.web.session.mgt.DefaultWebSessionManager;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {
// shiroFilterConfiguere
@Bean
public ShiroFilterFactoryBean getShiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("getDefaultWebSecurityManager") DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager) {
ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
// 设置用户管理器
shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
return shiroFilterFactoryBean;
}
// defaultWebSecurity
// 通过@Qualifier 是USerRealm进行绑定
@Bean
public DefaultWebSecurityManager getDefaultWebSecurityManager(@Qualifier("userReaml") UserRealm userReaml) {
DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
// 关联Realm
securityManager.setRealm(userReaml);
return securityManager;
}
// 创建realm对象 需要去进行自定义，这样就可以交给spring去进行托管了
@Bean
public UserRealm userReaml(){
return new UserRealm();
}
}
4.新建页面进行测试
package com.nuist.shirospringboot.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class Mycontrollrt
{
@RequestMapping({"/","/index"})
public String toIndex(Model model) {
model.addAttribute("msg","hello shiro");
return "index";
}
@RequestMapping("/user/add")
public String add() {
return "user/add";
}
@RequestMapping("/user/update")
public String update() {
return "user/update";
}
}
index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>首页</h1>
<p th:text="${msg}"></p>
<hr>
<a th:href="@{/user/add}">add </a> | <a th:href="@{/user/update}">update</a>
</body>
</html>
user/add.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>add</h1>
</body>
</html>
user/update.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>update</h1>
</body>
</html>
此时一个简单的项目就搭建起来了，然后开始shiro的认证授权的操作。
我们只需要在配置中添加如下代码：
Map<String,String> filterMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
// filterMap.put("/user/add","authc");
// filterMap.put("/user/update","authc");
filterMap.put("/user/*","authc");
shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);
shiroFilterFactoryBean.setLoginUrl("/toLogin");
此时就对我们所有的页面请求进行了拦截，然后转发到login的页面
login.html:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>login</h1>
<hr>
<form action="">
<p>用户名：<input type="text" name="username"></p>
<p>密码：<input type="password" name="password"></p>
<p><input type="submit"></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>
此时在页面进行点击的时候，我们就无法正常进入页面，只能进入到我们的登录页面
进行登录验证的拦截，只有输入正确的账号密码才能够进入：
MyCOntroller中新增如下代码：
@RequestMapping("/login")
public String login(String username,String password,Model model) {
// 获取当前用户
Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
// 封装当前用户
UsernamePasswordToken usernamePasswordToken = new UsernamePasswordToken(username, password);
try {
subject.login(usernamePasswordToken); // 执行登录的方法，有异常进行处理
return "index";
} catch (UnknownAccountException e){
model.addAttribute("msg","用户名错误");
return "login";
} catch (IncorrectCredentialsException e) { // 密码不存在
model.addAttribute("msg","密码错误");
return "login";
}
}
然后修改login页面的代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>login</h1>
<hr>
<p th:text="${msg}" style="color: red"></p>
<form th:action="@{/login}">
<p>用户名：<input type="text" name="username"></p>
<p>密码：<input type="password" name="password"></p>
<p><input type="submit"></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>
然后在我们的UserRealm
中doGetAuthenticationInfo方法中新增代码
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
System.out.println("执行了-》认证doGetAuthenticationInfo");
String name = "root";
String password = "123456";
UsernamePasswordToken authenticationToken1 = (UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken;
if (!authenticationToken1.getUsername().equals(name)) {
return null; // 抛出异常
}
// 密码认证 shiro去做
return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("",password,"");
}
此时我们通过UsernamePasswordToken 获取我们封装好的账号和密码，但是我们只需要进行账号的认证，密码的认证交给我们的shiro去做就可以了。
具体的用户授权，我们可以进行连接数据库的设置，但是我为了偷懒，我就不去手动创建与数据库的链接啦。
下面我们来进行页面的授权操作
我们想要进行用户的授权操作
我们需要在shiroConfig中新增如下代码：
filterMap.put("/user/add","perms[user:add]");
此时代表如果用户拥有user:add操作的话，可以显示，如果没有的话就不能正常显示
我们可以自定义一个页面来用于返回信息的显示：
@RequestMapping("/noauth")
@ResponseBody
public String noauth() {
return "未经过授权无法进行访问";
}
当用户没有add权限的时候，我们就提示无法显示：
此时我们就完成了单个的用户授权的操作。此时我们再去进行具体的页面操作
shiro与thymeleaf的结合：
需要将我们进行验证的页面进行如下操作：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"
xmlns:shiro="http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-shiro">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>首页</h1>
<p>
<a th:href="@{/toLogin}">登录</a>
</p>
<p th:text="${msg}"></p>
<hr>
<div shiro:hasPermission="user:add">
<a th:href="@{/user/add}">add </a>
</div>
|
<div shiro:hasPermission="user:update">
<a th:href="@{/user/update}">update</a>
</div>
</body>
</html>
此时应用的方式和springsecurity的方式基本一致。
然后在我们的授权页面进行操作如下：
UserRealm中修改doGetAuthorizationInfo方法，如下：
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
System.out.println("执行了=》授权doGetAuthorizationInfo方法");
SimpleAuthorizationInfo authorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
// 新增授权页面
authorizationInfo.addStringPermission("user:add");
// 拿到当前对象 ,然后通过对象中的授权方式进行判断
return authorizationInfo;
}
此时我们赋予用户只有add的权限，那么按理说在页面中是无法显示update的按钮，那么我们进行测试下，是否可以正常使用：
此时认证授权部分已经成功啦，以上就是我们进行的一个小小的demo,更深入的学习，后续继续更新。
git源码地址
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