这篇“Python怎么实现天气预报系统”文章的知识点大部分人都不太理解，所以小编给大家总结了以下内容，内容详细，步骤清晰，具有一定的借鉴价值，希望大家阅读完这篇文章能有所收获，下面我们一起来看看这篇“Python怎么实现天气预报系统”文章吧。
一、前期准备
1）运行环境
本文用到的环境如下——
Python3、Pycharm社区版，第三方模块：tkinter、bs4（BeautifulSoup）、pandas、
prettytable、matplotlib、re。部分自带的库只要安装完Python就可以直接使用了
一般安装：pip install +模块名
镜像源安装：pip install -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple/+模块名
二、代码展示
#coding:utf-8from tkinter import * import refrom time import sleepfrom urllib.request import urlopenfrom bs4 import BeautifulSoupimport pandasimport prettytableimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltfrom datetime import datetimeLOG_LINE_NUM = 0class MY_GUI(): def __init__(self,init_window_name): self.init_window_name = init_window_name #设置窗口 def set_init_window(self): self.init_window_name.title("天气预报") #窗口名 self.init_window_name.geometry('1000x500+200+50') #标签 self.init_data_label = Label(self.init_window_name, text="输入城市名") self.init_data_label.grid(row=0, column=0) self.result_data_label = Label(self.init_window_name, text="天气预测结果") self.result_data_label.grid(row=0, column=12) #文本框 self.init_data_Text = Text(self.init_window_name, width=20, height=1) #城市名录入框 self.init_data_Text.grid(row=1, column=0, rowspan=2, columnspan=5) self.result_data_Text = Text(self.init_window_name, width=100, height=30) #处理结果展示 self.result_data_Text.grid(row=1, column=12, rowspan=10, columnspan=10) #按钮 self.str_trans_to_md7_button = Button(self.init_window_name, text="获取天气情况", bg="lightblue", width=10,command=self.str_trans_to_md7) # 调用内部方法 加()为直接调用 self.str_trans_to_md7_button.grid(row=1, column=11) self.str_trans_to_img_button = Button(self.init_window_name, text="获取天气统计图", bg="lightblue", width=10,command=self.str_trans_to_img) # 调用内部方法 加()为直接调用 self.str_trans_to_img_button.grid(row=2, column=11) #功能函数 def str_trans_to_md7(self): #储存天气情况的列表 date,wea,tem_high,tem_low,wind_dire,wind_speed = [],[],[],[],[],[] #城市转ID city_id = pandas.read_excel('city_id.xlsx') dict_c = city_id.set_index('City_CN').T.to_dict('list') city = self.init_data_Text.get(1.0,END).strip() test_id = dict_c[city] test_id.append("".join(filter(str.isdigit, test_id[0]))) print('城市ID：',test_id[1]) #爬七日天气 html_ID = "http://www.weather.com.cn/weather/"+test_id[1]+".shtml" html = urlopen(html_ID) soup = BeautifulSoup(html.read(),'html.parser') ag_links = soup.find_all("li", {"class": re.compile('sky skyid lv\d')}) for ag in ag_links: date.append(ag.h2.get_text()) wea.append(ag.p.get_text()) tem_high.append(ag.span.get_text()) win = re.findall('(?<= title=").*?(?=")', str(ag.find('p','win').find('em'))) #正则问题的处理，摘自csdn wind_dire.append( '-'.join(win)) for i in range(7): tem_low.append(soup.select('.tem i')[i].get_text()) wind_speed.append(soup.select('.win i')[i].get_text()) #输出图表 table_ = prettytable.PrettyTable() table_.field_names = ['日期','天气', '最高温度','最低温度','风向','风力'] for i in range(0,len(date)): table_.add_row([date[i], wea[i], tem_high[i],tem_low[i],wind_dire[i],wind_speed[i]]) print(city,'七日天气') print(table_) weafile=open("近七日天气.txt","w+") weafile.write(city) weafile.write(test_id[1]+'/n') weafile.write(str(table_)) weafile.close self.result_data_Text.delete(1.0,END) self.result_data_Text.insert(1.0,table_) def str_trans_to_img(self):#进行统计图的制作 infopen = open('近七日天气.txt', 'r', encoding='gbk') outopen = open('out1.txt', 'w', encoding='gbk') lines = infopen.readlines() for line in lines: if line.split(): outopen.writelines(line) else: outopen.writelines("") infopen.close() outopen.close() with open("out1.txt", encoding='gbk') as fp_in: with open('out.txt', 'w', encoding='gbk') as fp_out: fp_out.writelines(line for i, line in enumerate(fp_in) if i > 2 and i<10) # clearnumber file = open("out.txt", "r") # 以只读模式读取文件 something=file.readlines() new=[] for x in something: first = x.strip('\n') second=first.split() while '|' in second: second.remove('|') new.append(second) dates, highs, lows = [], [], [] for day in range(7): highs.append(int(new[day][2])) lows.append(int(new[day][3][0:2])) dates.append(new[day][0]) fig = plt.figure(dpi=128, figsize=(10, 6)) plt.plot(dates, highs, c='red', alpha=0.5) # alpha指定颜色透明度 plt.plot(dates, lows, c='blue', alpha=0.5) # 注意dates和highs 以及lows是匹配对应的 plt.fill_between(dates, highs, lows, facecolor='blue', alpha=0.1) # facecolor指定了区域的颜色 # 设置图形格式 plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei'] #显示中文标签 plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=False plt.title("近七日温度", fontsize=24) plt.xlabel('', fontsize=14) fig.autofmt_xdate() # 让x轴标签斜着打印避免拥挤 plt.ylabel('Temperature(℃)', fontsize=14) plt.tick_params(axis='both', which='major', labelsize=14) plt.savefig('温度折线图.jpg') plt.show() dic_wea = {} for i in range(0, 7): if new[i][1] in dic_wea.keys(): dic_wea[new[i][1]] += 1 else: dic_wea[new[i][1]] = 1 plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei'] print(dic_wea) explode = [0.01] * len(dic_wea.keys()) color = ['lightskyblue', 'silver', 'yellow', 'salmon', 'grey', 'lime', 'gold', 'red', 'green', 'pink'] plt.pie(dic_wea.values(), explode=explode, labels=dic_wea.keys(), autopct='%1.1f%%', colors=color) plt.title('未来7天气候分布饼图') plt.savefig('气候饼图.jpg') plt.show() def gui_start(): init_window = Tk() #实例化出一个父窗口 ZMJ_PORTAL = MY_GUI(init_window) ZMJ_PORTAL.set_init_window() # 设置根窗口默认属性 init_window.mainloop() #父窗口进入事件循环，可以理解为保持窗口运行，否则界面不展示gui_start()三、效果展示
1）天气预报系统
2）温度折线图
3）气温饼图
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