本篇内容主要讲解“C/C++如何获取CAN信号”,感兴趣的朋友不妨来看看。本文介绍的方法操作简单快捷,实用性强。下面就让小编来带大家学习“C/C++如何获取CAN信号”吧!
CAN基础知识
标准的CAN 数据为8字节,即64位,但是CAN FD的最大数据可为64字节,为512位,其中的帧ID分为标准帧和扩展帧,其中用11位标准帧,用29位表示扩展帧。
CAN 信号
信号具体指的是CAN数据的多少位到多少位间代表一个具体的信号,如5位到16位表示车辆的行驶速度,即完整的CAN数据可以表示多个信号。
can信号获取:
#include <iostream>#include <array>unsigned char msbmask[] = {0xFF, 0xFE, 0xFC, 0xF8,0xF0, 0xE0, 0xC0, 0x80};unsigned char lsbmask[] = {0x01, 0x03, 0x07, 0x0F,0x1F, 0x3F, 0x7F, 0xFF};#define BITSET(p,n) ((p) |= (1u <<(n)))#define BITCLR(p,n) ((p) &= ~(1u <<(n)))#define BITGET(i,n) ((i) & (1u << (n)))typedef struct {unsigned char* can_data_ptr;int len;int msb_pos;int lsb_pos;}can_signal;static can_signal cansingal;int can_data_assignment(unsigned char* candata, int msbpos, int lsbpos, int lens){cansingal.can_data_ptr = (unsigned char*)malloc(lens);memcpy((void *)cansingal.can_data_ptr, (const void *)candata,lens);cansingal.len = lens;cansingal.msb_pos = msbpos;cansingal.lsb_pos = lsbpos;return 0; }unsigned int can_data_transfer_signal(){int a = 0;int b = 0;int c = 0;int d = 0;unsigned int singal = 0;printf("%d %d\n", cansingal.lsb_pos, cansingal.msb_pos);printf("%02x %02x %02x %02x\n", cansingal.can_data_ptr[0], cansingal.can_data_ptr[1], cansingal.can_data_ptr[2], cansingal.can_data_ptr[3]);a = cansingal.lsb_pos / 8;b = cansingal.lsb_pos % 8;printf("a %d b %d\n", a, b);cansingal.can_data_ptr[a] = cansingal.can_data_ptr[a] & msbmask[b];c= cansingal.msb_pos / 8;d = cansingal.msb_pos % 8;printf("c %d d %d\n", c, d);cansingal.can_data_ptr[c] = cansingal.can_data_ptr[c] & lsbmask[d];printf("%02x %02x %02x %02x\n", cansingal.can_data_ptr[0], cansingal.can_data_ptr[1], cansingal.can_data_ptr[2], cansingal.can_data_ptr[3]);for (int i = cansingal.lsb_pos, j = 0; i <= cansingal.msb_pos; ++i, ++j){a = i / 8;b = i % 8;if ( BITGET(cansingal.can_data_ptr[a], b) ){BITSET(singal, j);}else{BITCLR(singal,j);}}return singal;}void can_data_free(void){free(cansingal.can_data_ptr);cansingal.len = 0;cansingal.lsb_pos = 0;cansingal.msb_pos = 0;return;}int main(int argc, char* argv[]){unsigned char candata[4] = { 0x44, 0xFE, 0x23, 0x81};printf("%02x %02x %02x %02x\n", candata[0], candata[1], candata[2], candata[3]);can_data_assignment(candata,31,14,4);unsigned int c = can_data_transfer_signal();can_data_free();printf("%d\n", c);system("pause");return 0;}
如上图,can数据的其中4字节为0x44,0xFE,0x23,0x81, 分别对应0到32位的数据,现在获取14位到31位的数据,形成具体的信号值。
运行结果:
C语言涉及到知识
位操作、指针与数组的操作、MSB LSB的表索引。
数组与指针关系:
指针操作 +1 即 p + 1是指向下一位的地址,若p指向的类型为int类型,则p+1 指向下一个int类型数据的地址,若p指向的是个结构体,则p+1指向相对应结构体下一个元素的地址。
其中p[i] = *(p+i)
#include <stdio.h>int main(int argc, char *argv[]){ int a[] = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}; int *p, i, n; p = a; n = sizeof(a) / sizeof(int); printf("%p %p %p\n", a, a+1, a+2); for(i = 0; i < n; i++){ printf("%d %d %d\n", a[i], *(p+i), *(a+i), p[i]); } puts(""); return 0;}
//打印出来的结果如下
0xbf92c324 0xbf92c328 0xbf92c32c
1 1 1
3 3 3
5 5 5
7 7 7
9 9 9
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