小编给大家分享一下如何基于PyQt5制作数据处理小工具，希望大家阅读完这篇文章之后都有所收获，下面让我们一起去探讨吧！
需求分析：
现在有一大堆的Excel数据文件，需要根据每个Excel数据文件里面的Sheet批量将数据文件合并成为一个汇总后的Excel数据文件。或者是将一个汇总后的Excel数据文件按照Sheet拆分成很多个Excel数据文件。根据上面的需求，我们先来进行UI界面的布局设计。
导入UI界面设计相关的PyQt5模块
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *from PyQt5.QtCore import *from PyQt5.QtGui import *应用操作相关的模块
import sysimport osexcel 数据处理模块
import openpyxl as pxlimport pandas as pd看一下 UI 界面的功能和布局，感觉还可以...
下面是布局相关的代码块实例
def init_ui(self): self.setWindowTitle('Excel数据汇总/拆分器 公众号：[Python 集中营]') self.setWindowIcon(QIcon('数据.ico')) self.brower = QTextBrowser() self.brower.setReadOnly(True) self.brower.setFont(QFont('宋体', 8)) self.brower.setPlaceholderText('批量数据处理进度显示区域...') self.brower.ensureCursorVisible() self.excels = QLineEdit() self.excels.setReadOnly(True) self.excels_btn = QPushButton() self.excels_btn.setText('加载批文件') self.excels_btn.clicked.connect(self.excels_btn_click) self.oprate_type = QLabel() self.oprate_type.setText('操作类型') self.oprate_combox = QComboBox() self.oprate_combox.addItems(['数据合并', '数据拆分']) self.data_type = QLabel() self.data_type.setText('合并/拆分') self.data_combox = QComboBox() self.data_combox.addItems(['按照Sheet拆分']) self.new_file_path = QLineEdit() self.new_file_path.setReadOnly(True) self.new_file_path_btn = QPushButton() self.new_file_path_btn.setText('新文件路径') self.new_file_path_btn.clicked.connect(self.new_file_path_btn_click) self.thread_ = DataThread(self) self.thread_.trigger.connect(self.update_log) self.thread_.finished.connect(self.finished) self.start_btn = QPushButton() self.start_btn.setText('开始数据汇总/拆分') self.start_btn.clicked.connect(self.start_btn_click) form = QFormLayout() form.addRow(self.excels, self.excels_btn) form.addRow(self.oprate_type, self.oprate_combox) form.addRow(self.data_type, self.data_combox) form.addRow(self.new_file_path, self.new_file_path_btn) vbox = QVBoxLayout() vbox.addLayout(form) vbox.addWidget(self.start_btn) hbox = QHBoxLayout() hbox.addWidget(self.brower) hbox.addLayout(vbox) self.setLayout(hbox)槽函数 update_log，将运行过程通过文本浏览器的方式实时展示，方便查看程序的运行。
def update_log(self, text): cursor = self.brower.textCursor() cursor.movePosition(QTextCursor.End) self.brower.append(text) self.brower.setTextCursor(cursor) self.brower.ensureCursorVisible()槽函数 excels_btn_click，绑定到文件加载按钮，处理源文件的加载过程。
def excels_btn_click(self): paths = QFileDialog.getOpenFileNames(self, '选择文件', os.getcwd(), 'Excel File(*.xlsx)') files = paths[0] path_strs = '' for file in files: path_strs = path_strs + file + ';' self.excels.setText(path_strs) self.update_log('已经完成批文件路径加载！')槽函数 new_file_path_btn_click，选择新文件要保存的路径。
def new_file_path_btn_click(self): directory = QFileDialog.getExistingDirectory(self, '选择文件夹', os.getcwd()) self.new_file_path.setText(directory)槽函数 start_btn_click，绑定到开始按钮上，使用开始按钮启动子线程工作。
def start_btn_click(self): self.start_btn.setEnabled(False) self.thread_.start()函数 finished，这个函数是用来接收子线程传过来的运行完成的信号，通过判断使子线程执行完成时让开始按钮处于可以点击的状态。
def finished(self, finished): if finished is True: self.start_btn.setEnabled(True)下面是最重要的逻辑处理部分，将所有的逻辑处理相关的部分全部放到子线程中去执行。
class DataThread(QThread): trigger = pyqtSignal(str) finished = pyqtSignal(bool) def __init__(self, parent=None): super(DataThread, self).__init__(parent) self.parent = parent self.working = True def __del__(self): self.working = False self.wait() def run(self): self.trigger.emit('启动批量处理子线程...') oprate_type = self.parent.oprate_combox.currentText().strip() data_type = self.parent.data_combox.currentText().strip() files = self.parent.excels.text().strip() new_file_path = self.parent.new_file_path.text() if data_type == '按照Sheet拆分' and oprate_type == '数据合并': self.merge_data(files=files, new_file_path=new_file_path) elif data_type == '按照Sheet拆分' and oprate_type == '数据拆分': self.split_data(files=files, new_file_path=new_file_path) else: pass self.trigger.emit('数据处理完成...') self.finished.emit(True) def merge_data(self, files, new_file_path): num = 1 new_file = new_file_path + '/数据汇总.xlsx' writer = pd.ExcelWriter(new_file) for file in files.split(';'): if file.strip() != '': web_sheet = pxl.load_workbook(file) sheets = web_sheet.sheetnames for sheet in sheets: sheet_name = sheet.title() self.trigger.emit('准备处理工作表名称：' + str(sheet.title())) data_frame = pd.read_excel(file, sheet_name=sheet_name) sheet_name = sheet_name + 'TO数据合并' + str(num) data_frame.to_excel(writer, sheet_name, index=False) num = num + 1 else: self.trigger.emit('当前路径为空，继续...') writer.save() writer.close() def split_data(self, files, new_file_path): num = 1 for file in files.split(';'): if file.strip() != '': web_sheet = pxl.load_workbook(file) sheets = web_sheet.sheetnames for sheet in sheets: sheet_name = sheet.title() self.trigger.emit('准备处理工作表名称：' + str(sheet.title())) data_frame = pd.read_excel(file, sheet_name=sheet_name) writer = pd.ExcelWriter(new_file_path + '/数据拆分' + str(num) + '.xlsx') data_frame.to_excel(writer, '数据拆分', index=False) writer.save() writer.close() num = num + 1 else: self.trigger.emit('当前路径为空，继续...')上面就是主要的代码块实现过程，有需要的可以参考一下。欢迎大佬在评论区进行留言。
搞了一个程序运行效果图，看一下执行效果。
完整代码
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-# @author Python 集中营# @date 2022/1/12# @file test8.py# done# 数据处理小工具：Excel 批量数据文件拆分/整合器# 需求分析：# 现在有一大堆的Excel数据文件，需要根据每个Excel数据文件里面的Sheet批量将数据文件# 合并成为一个汇总后的Excel数据文件。# 或者是将一个汇总后的Excel数据文件按照Sheet拆分成很多个Excel数据文件。# 根据上面的需求，我们先来进行UI界面的布局设计。# 导入UI界面设计相关的PyQt5模块from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *from PyQt5.QtCore import *from PyQt5.QtGui import *# 应用操作相关的模块import sysimport os# excel 数据处理模块import openpyxl as pxlimport pandas as pdclass ExcelDataMerge(QWidget): def __init__(self): super(ExcelDataMerge, self).__init__() self.init_ui() def init_ui(self): self.setWindowTitle('Excel数据汇总/拆分器 公众号：[Python 集中营]') self.setWindowIcon(QIcon('数据.ico')) self.brower = QTextBrowser() self.brower.setReadOnly(True) self.brower.setFont(QFont('宋体', 8)) self.brower.setPlaceholderText('批量数据处理进度显示区域...') self.brower.ensureCursorVisible() self.excels = QLineEdit() self.excels.setReadOnly(True) self.excels_btn = QPushButton() self.excels_btn.setText('加载批文件') self.excels_btn.clicked.connect(self.excels_btn_click) self.oprate_type = QLabel() self.oprate_type.setText('操作类型') self.oprate_combox = QComboBox() self.oprate_combox.addItems(['数据合并', '数据拆分']) self.data_type = QLabel() self.data_type.setText('合并/拆分') self.data_combox = QComboBox() self.data_combox.addItems(['按照Sheet拆分']) self.new_file_path = QLineEdit() self.new_file_path.setReadOnly(True) self.new_file_path_btn = QPushButton() self.new_file_path_btn.setText('新文件路径') self.new_file_path_btn.clicked.connect(self.new_file_path_btn_click) self.thread_ = DataThread(self) self.thread_.trigger.connect(self.update_log) self.thread_.finished.connect(self.finished) self.start_btn = QPushButton() self.start_btn.setText('开始数据汇总/拆分') self.start_btn.clicked.connect(self.start_btn_click) form = QFormLayout() form.addRow(self.excels, self.excels_btn) form.addRow(self.oprate_type, self.oprate_combox) form.addRow(self.data_type, self.data_combox) form.addRow(self.new_file_path, self.new_file_path_btn) vbox = QVBoxLayout() vbox.addLayout(form) vbox.addWidget(self.start_btn) hbox = QHBoxLayout() hbox.addWidget(self.brower) hbox.addLayout(vbox) self.setLayout(hbox) def update_log(self, text): cursor = self.brower.textCursor() cursor.movePosition(QTextCursor.End) self.brower.append(text) self.brower.setTextCursor(cursor) self.brower.ensureCursorVisible() def excels_btn_click(self): paths = QFileDialog.getOpenFileNames(self, '选择文件', os.getcwd(), 'Excel File(*.xlsx)') files = paths[0] path_strs = '' for file in files: path_strs = path_strs + file + ';' self.excels.setText(path_strs) self.update_log('已经完成批文件路径加载！') def new_file_path_btn_click(self): directory = QFileDialog.getExistingDirectory(self, '选择文件夹', os.getcwd()) self.new_file_path.setText(directory) def start_btn_click(self): self.start_btn.setEnabled(False) self.thread_.start() def finished(self, finished): if finished is True: self.start_btn.setEnabled(True)class DataThread(QThread): trigger = pyqtSignal(str) finished = pyqtSignal(bool) def __init__(self, parent=None): super(DataThread, self).__init__(parent) self.parent = parent self.working = True def __del__(self): self.working = False self.wait() def run(self): self.trigger.emit('启动批量处理子线程...') oprate_type = self.parent.oprate_combox.currentText().strip() data_type = self.parent.data_combox.currentText().strip() files = self.parent.excels.text().strip() new_file_path = self.parent.new_file_path.text() if data_type == '按照Sheet拆分' and oprate_type == '数据合并': self.merge_data(files=files, new_file_path=new_file_path) elif data_type == '按照Sheet拆分' and oprate_type == '数据拆分': self.split_data(files=files, new_file_path=new_file_path) else: pass self.trigger.emit('数据处理完成...') self.finished.emit(True) def merge_data(self, files, new_file_path): num = 1 new_file = new_file_path + '/数据汇总.xlsx' writer = pd.ExcelWriter(new_file) for file in files.split(';'): if file.strip() != '': web_sheet = pxl.load_workbook(file) sheets = web_sheet.sheetnames for sheet in sheets: sheet_name = sheet.title() self.trigger.emit('准备处理工作表名称：' + str(sheet.title())) data_frame = pd.read_excel(file, sheet_name=sheet_name) sheet_name = sheet_name + 'TO数据合并' + str(num) data_frame.to_excel(writer, sheet_name, index=False) num = num + 1 else: self.trigger.emit('当前路径为空，继续...') writer.save() writer.close() def split_data(self, files, new_file_path): num = 1 for file in files.split(';'): if file.strip() != '': web_sheet = pxl.load_workbook(file) sheets = web_sheet.sheetnames for sheet in sheets: sheet_name = sheet.title() self.trigger.emit('准备处理工作表名称：' + str(sheet.title())) data_frame = pd.read_excel(file, sheet_name=sheet_name) writer = pd.ExcelWriter(new_file_path + '/数据拆分' + str(num) + '.xlsx') data_frame.to_excel(writer, '数据拆分', index=False) writer.save() writer.close() num = num + 1 else: self.trigger.emit('当前路径为空，继续...')if __name__ == '__main__': app = QApplication(sys.argv) main = ExcelDataMerge() main.show() sys.exit(app.exec_())看完了这篇文章，相信你对“如何基于PyQt5制作数据处理小工具”有了一定的了解，如果想了解更多相关知识，欢迎关注编程网行业资讯频道，感谢各位的阅读！
