论文:Interactive Image Warping(1993年Andreas Gustafsson)
算法思路:
假设当前点为(x,y),手动指定变形区域的中心点为C(cx,cy),变形区域半径为r,手动调整变形终点(从中心点到某个位置M)为M(mx,my),变形程度为strength,当前点对应变形后的目标位置为U。变形规律如下,
- 圆内所有像素均沿着变形向量的方向发生偏移
- 距离圆心越近,变形程度越大
- 距离圆周越近,变形程度越小,当像素点位于圆周时,该像素不变形
- 圆外像素不发生偏移
其中,x是圆内任意一点坐标,c是圆心点,rmax为圆心半径,m为调整变形的终点,u为圆内任意一点x对应的变形后的位置。
对上面公式进行改进,加入变形程度控制变量strength,改进后瘦脸公式如下,
优缺点:
优点:形变思路简单直接
缺点:
- 局部变形算法,只能基于一个中心点,向另外一个点的方向啦。如果想多个点一起拉伸,只能每个点分别做一次液化,通过针对多个部位多次液化来实现。
- 单点拉伸的变形,可以实现瘦脸的效果,但是效果自然度有待提升。
代码实现:
import cv2
import math
import numpy as np
def localTranslationWarpFastWithStrength(srcImg, startX, startY, endX, endY, radius, strength):
ddradius = float(radius * radius)
copyImg = np.zeros(srcImg.shape, np.uint8)
copyImg = srcImg.copy()
maskImg = np.zeros(srcImg.shape[:2], np.uint8)
cv2.circle(maskImg, (startX, startY), math.ceil(radius), (255, 255, 255), -1)
K0 = 100/strength
# 计算公式中的|m-c|^2
ddmc_x = (endX - startX) * (endX - startX)
ddmc_y = (endY - startY) * (endY - startY)
H, W, C = srcImg.shape
mapX = np.vstack([np.arange(W).astype(np.float32).reshape(1, -1)] * H)
mapY = np.hstack([np.arange(H).astype(np.float32).reshape(-1, 1)] * W)
distance_x = (mapX - startX) * (mapX - startX)
distance_y = (mapY - startY) * (mapY - startY)
distance = distance_x + distance_y
K1 = np.sqrt(distance)
ratio_x = (ddradius - distance_x) / (ddradius - distance_x + K0 * ddmc_x)
ratio_y = (ddradius - distance_y) / (ddradius - distance_y + K0 * ddmc_y)
ratio_x = ratio_x * ratio_x
ratio_y = ratio_y * ratio_y
UX = mapX - ratio_x * (endX - startX) * (1 - K1/radius)
UY = mapY - ratio_y * (endY - startY) * (1 - K1/radius)
np.copyto(UX, mapX, where=maskImg == 0)
np.copyto(UY, mapY, where=maskImg == 0)
UX = UX.astype(np.float32)
UY = UY.astype(np.float32)
copyImg = cv2.remap(srcImg, UX, UY, interpolation=cv2.INTER_LINEAR)
return copyImg
image = cv2.imread("./tests/images/klst.jpeg")
processed_image = image.copy()
startX_left, startY_left, endX_left, endY_left = 101, 266, 192, 233
startX_right, startY_right, endX_right, endY_right = 287, 275, 192, 233
radius = 45
strength = 100
# 瘦左边脸
processed_image = localTranslationWarpFastWithStrength(processed_image, startX_left, startY_left, endX_left, endY_left, radius, strength)
# 瘦右边脸
processed_image = localTranslationWarpFastWithStrength(processed_image, startX_right, startY_right, endX_right, endY_right, radius, strength)
cv2.imwrite("thin.jpg", processed_image)
实验效果:
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