一分钟掌握Java ElasticJob分布式定时任务

import org.apache.shardingsphere.elasticjob.api.ShardingContext;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.elasticjob.simple.job.SimpleJob;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;



public class MarsSimpleJob implements SimpleJob {
    
    @Override
    public void execute(final ShardingContext shardingContext) {
        System.out.printf("Item: %s | Time: %s | Thread: %s | %s%n",
               			  shardingContext.getShardingItem(), 
                          new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss").format(new Date()), 
                          Thread.currentThread().getId(), 
                          "就是这么简单~");
    }
}

import org.apache.shardingsphere.elasticjob.api.JobConfiguration;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.elasticjob.tracing.api.TracingConfiguration;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.util.Objects;

public class JobConfigurationBuilder {
    public static JobConfiguration buildJobConfiguration(String jobName, String cronExpression, TracingConfiguration<DataSource> tracingConfig) {
        JobConfiguration.Builder builder = JobConfiguration.newBuilder(jobName, 3)
                .cron(cronExpression)
                .shardingItemParameters("0=a,1=b,2=c");
        if (Objects.nonNull(tracingConfig)) {
            builder.addExtraConfigurations(tracingConfig);
        }
        return builder.build();
    }
}

import org.apache.shardingsphere.elasticjob.lite.api.bootstrap.impl.ScheduleJobBootstrap;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.elasticjob.lite.example.job.simple.JavaSimpleJob;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.elasticjob.reg.base.CoordinatorRegistryCenter;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.elasticjob.reg.zookeeper.ZookeeperConfiguration;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.elasticjob.reg.zookeeper.ZookeeperRegistryCenter;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.elasticjob.tracing.api.TracingConfiguration;
import javax.sql.DataSource;

public final class SchedulerMain {
    private static final int EMBED_ZOOKEEPER_PORT = 4181;
    private static final String ZOOKEEPER_CONNECTION_STRING = "localhost:" + EMBED_ZOOKEEPER_PORT;
    private static final String JOB_NAMESPACE = "elasticjob-marsz-lite-java";
    // CHECKSTYLE:OFF
    public static void main(final String[] args) {
        // 内嵌zk服务
        EmbedZookeeperServer.start(EMBED_ZOOKEEPER_PORT);
        CoordinatorRegistryCenter regCenter = setUpRegistryCenter();
        // 简单作业
        setUpSimpleJob(regCenter, null);
    }
    private static CoordinatorRegistryCenter setUpRegistryCenter() {
        ZookeeperConfiguration zkConfig = new ZookeeperConfiguration(ZOOKEEPER_CONNECTION_STRING, JOB_NAMESPACE);
        CoordinatorRegistryCenter result = new ZookeeperRegistryCenter(zkConfig);
        result.init();
        return result;
    }
    private static void setUpSimpleJob(final CoordinatorRegistryCenter regCenter, final TracingConfiguration<DataSource> tracingConfig) {
        new ScheduleJobBootstrap(regCenter,
                new MarsSimpleJob(),
                JobConfigurationBuilder.buildJobConfiguration("marsSimpleJob", "0/5 * * * * ?", tracingConfig)).schedule();
    }
}

EmbedZookeeperServer.start(EMBED_ZOOKEEPER_PORT);

private static CoordinatorRegistryCenter setUpRegistryCenter() {
	ZookeeperConfiguration zkConfig = new ZookeeperConfiguration(ZOOKEEPER_CONNECTION_STRING, JOB_NAMESPACE);
    CoordinatorRegistryCenter result = new ZookeeperRegistryCenter(zkConfig);
    result.init();
    return result;
}

public final class SimpleJobExecutor implements ClassedJobItemExecutor<SimpleJob> {
    @Override
    public void process(final SimpleJob elasticJob, final JobConfiguration jobConfig, final JobFacade jobFacade, final ShardingContext shardingContext) {
        // 这里调用execute函数
        elasticJob.execute(shardingContext);
    }
    @Override
    public Class<SimpleJob> getElasticJobClass() {
        return SimpleJob.class;
    }
}

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
private void process(final JobConfiguration jobConfig, final ShardingContexts shardingContexts, final int item, final JobExecutionEvent startEvent) {
        jobFacade.postJobExecutionEvent(startEvent);
        log.trace("Job '{}' executing, item is: '{}'.", jobConfig.getJobName(), item);
        JobExecutionEvent completeEvent;
        try {
            // 这里调用SimpleJobExecutor的process
            jobItemExecutor.process(elasticJob, jobConfig, jobFacade, shardingContexts.createShardingContext(item));
            completeEvent = startEvent.executionSuccess();
            log.trace("Job '{}' executed, item is: '{}'.", jobConfig.getJobName(), item);
            jobFacade.postJobExecutionEvent(completeEvent);
            // CHECKSTYLE:OFF
        } catch (final Throwable cause) {
            // CHECKSTYLE:ON
            completeEvent = startEvent.executionFailure(ExceptionUtils.transform(cause));
            jobFacade.postJobExecutionEvent(completeEvent);
            itemErrorMessages.put(item, ExceptionUtils.transform(cause));
            JobErrorHandler jobErrorHandler = executorContext.get(JobErrorHandler.class);
            jobErrorHandler.handleException(jobConfig.getJobName(), cause);
        }
}

private void process(final JobConfiguration jobConfig, final ShardingContexts shardingContexts, final ExecutionSource executionSource) {
        Collection<Integer> items = shardingContexts.getShardingItemParameters().keySet();
        if (1 == items.size()) {
            int item = shardingContexts.getShardingItemParameters().keySet().iterator().next();
            JobExecutionEvent jobExecutionEvent = new JobExecutionEvent(IpUtils.getHostName(), IpUtils.getIp(), shardingContexts.getTaskId(), jobConfig.getJobName(), executionSource, item);
            process(jobConfig, shardingContexts, item, jobExecutionEvent);
            return;
        }
        CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(items.size());
        for (int each : items) {
            JobExecutionEvent jobExecutionEvent = new JobExecutionEvent(IpUtils.getHostName(), IpUtils.getIp(), shardingContexts.getTaskId(), jobConfig.getJobName(), executionSource, each);
            ExecutorService executorService = executorContext.get(ExecutorService.class);
            if (executorService.isShutdown()) {
                return;
            }
            // 提交给线程池执行
            executorService.submit(() -> {
                try {
                    process(jobConfig, shardingContexts, each, jobExecutionEvent);
                } finally {
                    latch.countDown();
                }
            });
        }
        try {
            latch.await();
        } catch (final InterruptedException ex) {
            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
        }
}

private void execute(final JobConfiguration jobConfig, final ShardingContexts shardingContexts, final ExecutionSource executionSource) {
	if (shardingContexts.getShardingItemParameters().isEmpty()) {
		jobFacade.postJobStatusTraceEvent(shardingContexts.getTaskId(), State.TASK_FINISHED, String.format("Sharding item for job '%s' is empty.", jobConfig.getJobName()));
        return;
    }
    // 往注册中心注册ShardingContexts信息
    jobFacade.registerJobBegin(shardingContexts);
    String taskId = shardingContexts.getTaskId();
    // 发送跟踪日志，标记任务正在运行
    jobFacade.postJobStatusTraceEvent(taskId, State.TASK_RUNNING, "");
    try {
        // 调用process
        process(jobConfig, shardingContexts, executionSource);
    } finally {
        // TODO Consider increasing the status of job failure, and how to handle the overall loop of job failure
        // 告知注册中心任务完成
        jobFacade.registerJobCompleted(shardingContexts);
        if (itemErrorMessages.isEmpty()) {
            // 没有失败信息，通知任务完成
            jobFacade.postJobStatusTraceEvent(taskId, State.TASK_FINISHED, "");
        } else {
            // 否则通知失败
            jobFacade.postJobStatusTraceEvent(taskId, State.TASK_ERROR, itemErrorMessages.toString());
            itemErrorMessages.clear();
        }
    }
}

public void execute() {
    // job的配置信息
    JobConfiguration jobConfig = jobFacade.loadJobConfiguration(true);
    executorContext.reloadIfNecessary(jobConfig);
    JobErrorHandler jobErrorHandler = executorContext.get(JobErrorHandler.class);
    try {
        jobFacade.checkJobExecutionEnvironment();
    } catch (final JobExecutionEnvironmentException cause) {
        jobErrorHandler.handleException(jobConfig.getJobName(), cause);
    }
    // 这里有玄机
    ShardingContexts shardingContexts = jobFacade.getShardingContexts();
    // 发送时间消息总线
    jobFacade.postJobStatusTraceEvent(shardingContexts.getTaskId(), State.TASK_STAGING, String.format("Job '%s' execute begin.", jobConfig.getJobName()));
    if (jobFacade.misfireIfRunning(shardingContexts.getShardingItemParameters().keySet())) {
        jobFacade.postJobStatusTraceEvent(shardingContexts.getTaskId(), 
                                          State.TASK_FINISHED, 
                                          String.format(
                "Previous job '%s' - shardingItems '%s' is still running, misfired job will start after previous job completed.", 
                                              jobConfig.getJobName(),
                                              shardingContexts.getShardingItemParameters().keySet()));
            return;
    }
    try {
        // 任务执行的前置流程
        jobFacade.beforeJobExecuted(shardingContexts);
        //CHECKSTYLE:OFF
    } catch (final Throwable cause) {
        //CHECKSTYLE:ON
        jobErrorHandler.handleException(jobConfig.getJobName(), cause);
    }
    // 调用上面的execute方法
    execute(jobConfig, shardingContexts, ExecutionSource.NORMAL_TRIGGER);
    while (jobFacade.isExecuteMisfired(shardingContexts.getShardingItemParameters().keySet())) {
        jobFacade.clearMisfire(shardingContexts.getShardingItemParameters().keySet());
        execute(jobConfig, shardingContexts, ExecutionSource.MISFIRE);
    }
    // 故障转移
    jobFacade.failoverIfNecessary();
    try {
        // 任务执行的后置流程
        jobFacade.afterJobExecuted(shardingContexts);
        //CHECKSTYLE:OFF
    } catch (final Throwable cause) {
        //CHECKSTYLE:ON
        jobErrorHandler.handleException(jobConfig.getJobName(), cause);
    }
}

public void shardingIfNecessary() {
    List<JobInstance> availableJobInstances = instanceService.getAvailableJobInstances();
    if (!isNeedSharding() || availableJobInstances.isEmpty()) {
        return;
    }
    if (!leaderService.isLeaderUntilBlock()) {
        blockUntilShardingCompleted();
        return;
    }
    waitingOtherShardingItemCompleted();
    JobConfiguration jobConfig = configService.load(false);
    int shardingTotalCount = jobConfig.getShardingTotalCount();
    log.debug("Job '{}' sharding begin.", jobName);
    jobNodeStorage.fillEphemeralJobNode(ShardingNode.PROCESSING, "");
    resetShardingInfo(shardingTotalCount);
    // 获取任务分片策略
    JobShardingStrategy jobShardingStrategy = JobShardingStrategyFactory.getStrategy(jobConfig.getJobShardingStrategyType());
    jobNodeStorage.executeInTransaction(getShardingResultTransactionOperations(jobShardingStrategy.sharding(availableJobInstances, jobName, shardingTotalCount)));
    log.debug("Job '{}' sharding complete.", jobName);
}