本篇内容介绍了“Java如何实现动物换位游戏”的有关知识，在实际案例的操作过程中，不少人都会遇到这样的困境，接下来就让小编带领大家学习一下如何处理这些情况吧！希望大家仔细阅读，能够学有所成！
效果展示
一、效果展示
1.游戏界面
开始
成功
2.测试界面
二、项目介绍
1.总体需求
(1)在水平排列的7块石头上的左右各有3个类型相同的2种动物,中间的石头上没有动物。
(2)用鼠标单击一个动物：
①若“该动物前方的石头”上没有动物,该动物就跳跃到该石头上。
②若“该动物前方的石头”上有动物,但隔位的石头上无动物，该动物就越过自己前面的动物跳到隔位的石头上。
③其他情形时,该动物不跳跃(跳跃时不能越过2块石头)。
(3)左面的动物只能向右方跳跃,右面的动物只能向左方跳跃。
(4)用户可以通过单击界面上提供的按钮，随时撤销上一步的操作。
(5)用户可以随时单击界面上的按钮，重新开始游戏。
2.总体设计
项目结构共四个package，分别是data，test，gui，view。具体实现封装的12个类如图所示：
三、代码展示
1.图形界面设计（gui包）
主类：AppWindows类
AppWindow类负责创建动物换位的主窗口，该类含有main方法,程序从该类开始执行。
package ch2.gui;import javax.swing.*;import java.awt.*;import ch2.view.GamePanel;public class AppWindow extends JFrame { GamePanel gamePanel; public AppWindow(){ setTitle("动物换位游戏"); gamePanel = new GamePanel(); gamePanel.setAnimalCount(6); gamePanel.setLeftAnimalImage("程序发布/image/cat.jpg"); gamePanel.setRightAnimalImage("程序发布/image/dog.jpg"); add(gamePanel,BorderLayout.CENTER); gamePanel.setBackground(Color.white); JPanel northP = new JPanel(); northP.add(gamePanel.buttonReStart); northP.add(gamePanel.buttonRedo); add(northP,BorderLayout.NORTH); setBounds(60,60,9*gamePanel.width+9*gamePanel.gap,300); validate(); setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); setVisible(true); } public static void main(String args[] ){ AppWindow win = new AppWindow(); }}2.用户操作设计（data包）
① Animal类
Animal类创建的对象是AppWindow类的重要成员之一,用来表示“动物”。
package ch2.data;public abstract class Animal { String name ; Point [] allCanAtPoint; //全部点位置 Point point; //动物当前所在的点位置 ViewForAnimal animalView; //动物的外观视图 public void setAtPoint(Point p) { if(p!=null){ point = p; point.setIsHaveAnimal(true); point.setAtPointAnimal(this); } } public Point getAtPoint() { return point; } public void setAllCanAtPoint(Point [] point){ allCanAtPoint = point; } public void setAnimalView(ViewForAnimal animalView) { this.animalView = animalView; animalView.setAnimal(this); } public ViewForAnimal getAnimalView() { return animalView; } public void setName(String s) { name = s; } public String getName() { return name; } public abstract boolean move();}② LeftAnimal类
LeftAnimal类是Animal的一个子类，创建的对象是AppWindow类的成员之一,表示“左动物”。
package ch2.data;public class LeftAnimal extends Animal{ public boolean move(){ int k = -1; boolean successMove = false; Point p = getAtPoint(); for(int i=0;i<allCanAtPoint.length;i++){ if(allCanAtPoint[i].equals(p)){ k = i; //找到动物当前所处的位置:allCanAtPoint[k] break; } } if(k==allCanAtPoint.length-1){//已经在最右面的点位置 return false; } if(allCanAtPoint[k+1].isHaveAnimal()==false) { //前面位置上没有动物 this.setAtPoint(allCanAtPoint[k+1]); successMove = true; p.setAtPointAnimal(null); return successMove ; } if((k+1)==allCanAtPoint.length-1){ //前面位置上是已经到达终点的动物 return false; } if(allCanAtPoint[k+2].isHaveAnimal()==false) {//前方隔位上没有动物 this.setAtPoint(allCanAtPoint[k+2]); successMove = true; p.setAtPointAnimal(null); return successMove ; } return successMove ; } }③ RightAnimal类
RightAnimal类是Animal的一个子类，创建的对象是AppWindow类的成员之一,表示“右动物”。
package ch2.data;public class RightAnimal extends Animal{ public boolean move(){ int k = -1; boolean successMove = false; Point p = getAtPoint(); for(int i=0;i<allCanAtPoint.length;i++){ if(allCanAtPoint[i].equals(p)){ k = i; break; } } if(k==0){ //已经在最左面的点位置 return false; } if(allCanAtPoint[k-1].isHaveAnimal()==false) {//前面位置上没有动物 this.setAtPoint(allCanAtPoint[k-1]);//动物到达allCanAtPoint[k-1]点 successMove = true; p.setAtPointAnimal(null); //p点设置为无动物 return successMove ; } if((k-1)==0){ //前面位置上是已经到达终点的动物 return false; } if(allCanAtPoint[k-2].isHaveAnimal()==false) {//前方隔位上没有动物 this.setAtPoint(allCanAtPoint[k-2]); //动物到达allCanAtPoint[k-2]点 successMove = true; p.setAtPointAnimal(null); //p点设置为无动物 return successMove ; } return successMove ; } }④ Point类
Point类负责创建确定位置的对象,使用Point对象，可以确定动物以及石头对象在窗体中的位置。
package ch2.data;public class Point{ int x,y; boolean haveAnimal; Animal animal=null; //在该点位置上的动物 public void setX(int x){ this.x=x; } public void setY(int y){ this.y=y; } public boolean isHaveAnimal(){ return haveAnimal; } public void setIsHaveAnimal(boolean boo){ haveAnimal=boo; } public int getX(){ return x; } public int getY(){ return y; } public void setAtPointAnimal(Animal animal){ this.animal=animal; if(animal!=null) { haveAnimal = true; } else { haveAnimal = false; } } public Animal getAtPointAnimal(){ return animal; }}⑤ ViewForAnimal类
该类是JPanel类的一个子类，用于实现动物方法的定义。
package ch2.data;import javax.swing.JPanel;public abstract class ViewForAnimal extends JPanel { public abstract void setAnimal(Animal animal); public abstract void setImage(String name); public abstract Animal getAnimal(); public abstract void setAnimalViewLocation(int x,int y); public abstract void setAnimalViewSize(int w,int h);}3.游戏视图设计（view包）
① AnmialView类
AnimalView类是ViewForAnimal的一个子类，实现对动物操作的各种方法。
package ch2.view;import java.awt.*;import ch2.data.*;public class AnimalView extends ViewForAnimal{ Animal animal; Image image; Toolkit tool; public AnimalView() { tool = getToolkit(); } public void setAnimal(Animal animal){ this.animal = animal; } public void setImage(String name){ image = tool.getImage(name); repaint(); } public Animal getAnimal() { return animal; } public void setAnimalViewLocation(int x,int y){ setLocation(x,y); } public void setAnimalViewSize(int w,int h){ setSize(w,h); } public void paintComponent(Graphics g){ super.paintComponent(g); int w=getBounds().width; int h=getBounds().height; g.drawImage(image,0,0,w,h,this); }}② GamePanel类
GamePanel类是JPanel的子类，用于游戏视图的初始化。
package ch2.view;import javax.swing.*;import java.awt.*;import ch2.data.Animal;import ch2.data.Point;import ch2.data.ViewForAnimal;import ch2.data.LeftAnimal;import ch2.data.RightAnimal;import java.util.*;import java.awt.geom.*; public class GamePanel extends JPanel { public int animalCount = -1; public Point [] point ; Animal [] leftAnimal,rightAnimal; public ViewForAnimal [] leftAnimalView,rightAnimalView;//动物视图 public int width =90,height=70; //动物视图的大小 public int gap = 2; //动物之间的间隙 public JButton buttonRedo;//撤销按钮 public JButton buttonReStart;//重新开始游戏 public Stack<Point> saveAnimalStep; //存放动物走动的位置，以便恢复 HandleAnimalMove handleAnimalMove;//负责处理MouseEvent的监视器 HandleRedo handleRedo; //负责ActionEvent的监视器 HandleReStart handleReStart; //负责ActionEvent的监视器 public GamePanel(){ setLayout(null); buttonRedo = new JButton("撤销"); buttonReStart = new JButton("重新开始"); saveAnimalStep = new Stack<Point>(); } public void setAnimalCount(int n){ if(n%2 != 0 ||n<=1) { System.out.println(n+"的个数不合理"); System.exit(0); } removeAll(); //首先移出曾添加到该容器中的全部组件 animalCount = n; initPoitAndAnimal(); //初始化动物和位置对象 initLeftAnimalView(); //初始化左边的动物视图 initRightAnimalView(); registerListener(); //注册监视器 } private void initPoitAndAnimal(){//初始化动物和位置对象 point = new Point[animalCount+1]; int posionX = width; //点的位置的x坐标 int posionY = height; for(int i=0;i<point.length;i++) { point[i] = new Point(); point[i].setX(posionX); point[i].setY(posionY); posionX = posionX+width+gap; } int m = animalCount/2; leftAnimal = new LeftAnimal[m]; rightAnimal = new RightAnimal[m]; for(int i =0;i<leftAnimal.length;i++ ){ leftAnimal[i] = new LeftAnimal(); leftAnimal[i].setAtPoint(point[i]); leftAnimal[i].setAllCanAtPoint(point); } for(int i =0;i<rightAnimal.length;i++ ){ rightAnimal[i] = new RightAnimal(); rightAnimal[i].setAtPoint(point[m+1+i]); rightAnimal[i].setAllCanAtPoint(point); } } private void initLeftAnimalView(){//初始化左边的动物视图 int m = animalCount/2; leftAnimalView = new ViewForAnimal[m]; for(int i =0;i<leftAnimalView.length;i++ ){ leftAnimalView[i] = new AnimalView(); leftAnimal[i].setAnimalView(leftAnimalView[i]); Point p = leftAnimal[i].getAtPoint(); int x = p.getX(); int y = p.getY(); add(leftAnimalView[i]); //动物视图所在位置和动物所在点相同： leftAnimalView[i].setAnimalViewLocation(x,y); leftAnimalView[i].setAnimalViewSize(width,height); } } private void initRightAnimalView(){//初始化右边的动物视图 int m = animalCount/2; rightAnimalView = new ViewForAnimal[m]; for(int i =0;i<rightAnimalView.length;i++ ){ rightAnimalView[i] = new AnimalView(); rightAnimal[i].setAnimalView(rightAnimalView[i]); Point p = rightAnimal[i].getAtPoint(); int x = p.getX(); int y = p.getY(); add(rightAnimalView[i]); rightAnimalView[i].setAnimalViewLocation(x,y); rightAnimalView[i].setAnimalViewSize(width,height); } } private void registerListener(){ handleAnimalMove = new HandleAnimalMove(this); //监视用户在动物视图上触发的MouseEvent事件： for(int i =0;i<rightAnimalView.length;i++ ){ rightAnimalView[i].addMouseListener(handleAnimalMove); } for(int i =0;i<leftAnimalView.length;i++ ){ leftAnimalView[i].addMouseListener(handleAnimalMove); } handleRedo = new HandleRedo(this); handleReStart = new HandleReStart(this); //监视用户在按钮上触发的ActionEvent事件： buttonRedo.addActionListener(handleRedo); buttonReStart.addActionListener(handleReStart); } public void setLeftAnimalImage(String pic){ if(animalCount==-1) return; for(int i =0;i<leftAnimalView.length;i++ ){ leftAnimalView[i].setImage(pic); } } public void setRightAnimalImage(String pic){ if(animalCount==-1) return; for(int i =0;i<rightAnimalView.length;i++ ){ rightAnimalView[i].setImage(pic); } } public void paintComponent(Graphics g){ int penHeight =12; //画笔的高度 super.paintComponent(g); int xStart =width+gap; int yStart =2*height+penHeight/2; int xEnd =(animalCount+2)*width+(animalCount+1)*2; int yEnd =2*height+penHeight/2; Line2D line=new Line2D.Double(xStart,yStart,xEnd,yEnd); Graphics2D g_2d=(Graphics2D)g; g_2d.setColor(Color.blue); BasicStroke bs= new BasicStroke(penHeight,BasicStroke.CAP_ROUND,BasicStroke.JOIN_MITER); g_2d.setStroke(bs); g_2d.draw(line); }}③ HandleAnimalMove类
该类所创建的对象负责处理鼠标事件，实现动物位置的移动。
package ch2.view;import java.awt.event.*;import javax.swing.JOptionPane;import ch2.data.Point;import ch2.data.Animal;import ch2.data.ViewForAnimal;import ch2.data.LeftAnimal;import ch2.data.RightAnimal;public class HandleAnimalMove extends MouseAdapter { GamePanel panel; HandleAnimalMove(GamePanel panel){ this.panel = panel; } public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e){ ViewForAnimal animalView = (ViewForAnimal)e.getSource(); Animal animal = animalView.getAnimal(); Point pStart = animal.getAtPoint(); //得到动物移动前所在点 if(animal.move()) { Point pEnd = animal.getAtPoint();//得到动物移动后所在点 int x = pEnd.getX(); int y = pEnd.getY(); animalView.setAnimalViewLocation(x,y);//让动物视图所在位置和动物所在点相同 panel.saveAnimalStep.push(pStart); panel.saveAnimalStep.push(pEnd); } } public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e){ boolean success = true; int n =panel.animalCount/2; for(int i=0;i<n;i++){ Animal animal=panel.point[i].getAtPointAnimal(); success = success&&(animal instanceof RightAnimal); animal=panel.point[n+1+i].getAtPointAnimal(); success = success&&(animal instanceof LeftAnimal); if(success == false) break; } if(success) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"您成功了","消息框", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE); } }}④ HandleRedo类
该类所创建的对象负责处理鼠标事件，实现鼠标操作的撤销。
package ch2.view;import ch2.data.Point;import ch2.data.Animal;import ch2.data.ViewForAnimal;import java.awt.event.*;public class HandleRedo implements ActionListener { GamePanel panel; HandleRedo(GamePanel panel){ this.panel = panel; } public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){ //撤销移动动物的操作 if(panel.saveAnimalStep.empty()) return; Point pEnd = panel.saveAnimalStep.pop(); Point pStart = panel.saveAnimalStep.pop(); Animal animal = pEnd.getAtPointAnimal(); pEnd.setIsHaveAnimal(false); pEnd.setAtPointAnimal(null); animal.setAtPoint(pStart); ViewForAnimal animalView =animal.getAnimalView(); int x = pStart.getX(); int y = pStart.getY(); animalView.setAnimalViewLocation(x,y);//让动物视图所在位置和动物所在点相同 } }⑤ HandleReStart类
该类所创建的对象负责处理鼠标事件，实现游戏的重开功能。
package ch2.view;import ch2.data.ViewForAnimal;import java.awt.event.*;public class HandleReStart implements ActionListener { GamePanel panel; HandleReStart(GamePanel panel){ this.panel = panel; } public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){ //处理重新开始 panel.saveAnimalStep.clear(); for(int i=0;i<panel.point.length;i++) { panel.point[i].setIsHaveAnimal(false); } for(int i =0;i<panel.leftAnimal.length;i++ ){ panel.leftAnimal[i].setAtPoint(panel.point[i]); int x = panel.point[i].getX(); int y = panel.point[i].getY(); //让动物视图所在位置和动物所在点相同 ViewForAnimal animalView =panel.leftAnimal[i].getAnimalView(); animalView.setAnimalViewLocation(x,y); } for(int i =0;i<panel.rightAnimal.length;i++ ){ int m = panel.animalCount/2; panel.rightAnimal[i].setAtPoint(panel.point[m+1+i]); int x = panel.point[m+1+i].getX(); int y = panel.point[m+1+i].getY(); //让动物视图所在位置和动物所在点相同 ViewForAnimal animalView =panel.rightAnimal[i].getAnimalView(); animalView.setAnimalViewLocation(x,y); } } }四、代码测试
这里我们创建test包，实现AppTest类来进行代码的测试，代码如下：
package ch2.test;import ch2.data.*;public class AppTest { public static void main(String [] args) { Point [] point = new Point[7]; for(int i=0;i<point.length;i++) { point[i] = new Point(); point[i].setX(i); point[i].setY(10); } Animal [] left = new Animal[3]; Animal [] right = new Animal[3]; for(int i =0;i<left.length;i++ ){ left[i] = new LeftAnimal(); left[i].setName("猫"+i); left[i].setAtPoint(point[i]); left[i].setAllCanAtPoint(point); } for(int i =0;i<right.length;i++ ){ right[i] = new RightAnimal(); right[i].setName("狗"+i); right[i].setAtPoint(point[4+i]); right[i].setAllCanAtPoint(point); } input(point); if(right[0].move()) input(point); if(left[2].move()) input(point); if(left[1].move()) input(point); if(right[0].move()) input(point); if(right[1].move()) input(point); if(right[2].move()) input(point); if(left[2].move()) input(point); if(left[1].move()) input(point); if(left[0].move()) input(point); if(right[0].move()) input(point); if(right[1].move()) input(point); if(right[2].move()) input(point); if(left[1].move()) input(point); if(left[0].move()) input(point); if(right[2].move()) input(point); } static void input(Point [] point){ for(int i=0;i<point.length;i++){ Animal animal=point[i].getAtPointAnimal(); if(animal!=null) System.out.print(animal.getName()); else System.out.print(" "); } System.out.println(); }}“Java如何实现动物换位游戏”的内容就介绍到这里了，感谢大家的阅读。如果想了解更多行业相关的知识可以关注编程网网站，小编将为大家输出更多高质量的实用文章！
