之前呢我们用Python的Pygame做过这个Pong游戏
这一次,我们用Java的Swing来实现类似的效果
首先我们列出本次的项目结构
这个程序分为四个部分,一个程序入口,一个模型,一个刷新帧,一个视图,模型里面放入球和挡板的类,视图里面放入主窗口Frame和主面板Panel
接下来是项目目录
src资源下面,我们把东西全部写到com.mr包下,main里的Start是主入口,model里面分别是Ball和Board,service下是刷新帧的服务,view视图下分别为主窗体和主面板
好啦,现在先来写GameFrame的代码
package com.mr.view;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class GameFrame extends JFrame {
private Container container;
private GamePanel panel;
public GameFrame() {
setTitle("Pong");
setBounds(300,300,850,1000);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
container=getContentPane();
panel=new GamePanel();
addKeyListener(panel);
container.add(panel);
setVisible(true);
}
}
首先啊,还是和平常一样声明package,导入一些东西,然后主窗体继承自JFrame,设置以下和窗口大小,还有关闭后退出程序的设置(setDefaultCloseOperation)然后实例化GamePanel面板(待会写),然后绑定事件并添加到container容器中,设置窗口可见
然后是GamePanel的代码,也是整个程序的核心,在这里我们要做出对赛点、得分、球体碰撞等检测,并绘制图形
package com.mr.view;
import com.mr.model.Ball;
import com.mr.model.Board;
import com.mr.service.Fresh;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class GamePanel extends JPanel implements KeyListener {
private BufferedImage img;
private Graphics2D g2;
public ArrayList<Object> select;
private Fresh fresh;
private Board b1;
private Board b2;
private Ball ball;
private int score1;
private int score2;
private int winPoint;
private int matchPoint; // 0表示没有赛点,1表示玩家1的赛点,2表示玩家2的赛点
private int winner;
public GamePanel() {
img=new BufferedImage(850,1000,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);
g2=img.createGraphics();
select=new ArrayList<>();
b1=new Board(0);
b2=new Board(1);
ball=new Ball();
score1=0;
score2=0;
matchPoint=0;
winPoint=11;
winner=0;
fresh=new Fresh(this);
fresh.start();
}
private void paintImage() {
g2.setColor(Color.WHITE);
if (winner==0) {
int width=10;
g2.fillRect(425-width/2,0,width,1000);
g2.fillRect(b1.x,b1.y,b1.width,b1.height);
g2.fillRect(b2.x,b2.y,b2.width,b2.height);
g2.fillOval(ball.x-ball.r,ball.y-ball.r,ball.r*2,ball.r*2);
}
g2.setFont(new Font("黑体",Font.BOLD,56));
g2.drawString(String.valueOf(score1),295,150);
g2.drawString(String.valueOf(score2),525,150);
g2.setFont(new Font("黑体",Font.PLAIN,22));
if (winner==0) {
switch (matchPoint) {
case 1:
g2.drawString("赛点",295,200);
break;
case 2:
g2.drawString("赛点",525,200);
break;
default:
break;
}
} else {
g2.drawString("玩家"+String.valueOf(winner)+"获胜",winner==1?295:525,200);
}
}
public void paint(Graphics g) {
if (winner==0) {
move();
ball.move(b1.getBound(),b2.getBound());
checkPoint();
checkMatchPoint();
b1.checkBound();
b2.checkBound();
}
g2.setColor(Color.BLACK);
g2.fillRect(0,0,850,1000);
paintImage();
g.drawImage(img,0,0,this);
}
private void checkPoint() {
if (ball.x<=0) {
score2+=1;
} else if (ball.x+ball.r*2>=850) {
score1+=1;
} else {
return;
}
ball=new Ball();
}
private void checkMatchPoint() {
if (score1==winPoint) {
winner=1;
return;
} else if (score2==winPoint) {
winner=2;
return;
}
if (score1+1==winPoint&&score2+1!=winPoint) {
matchPoint=1;
} else if (score1+1!=winPoint&&score2+1==winPoint) {
matchPoint=2;
} else if (score1+1==winPoint&&score2+1==winPoint) {
matchPoint=0;
winPoint++;
} else if (score1+1!=winPoint&&score2+1!=winPoint) {
matchPoint=0;
}
}
private void move() {
for (Object code:select) {
if (code==(Object)KeyEvent.VK_W) {
b1.y-=b1.speed;
} else if (code==(Object)KeyEvent.VK_S) {
b1.y+=b1.speed;
} else if (code==(Object)KeyEvent.VK_UP) {
b2.y-=b2.speed;
} else if (code==(Object)KeyEvent.VK_DOWN) {
b2.y+=b2.speed;
}
}
}
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent event) {
if (select.indexOf(event.getKeyCode())==-1) {
select.add(event.getKeyCode());
}
}
@Override
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent event) {
select.remove((Object)event.getKeyCode());
}
@Override
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent event) {
;
}
}
声明com.mr.view包下,导入一些东西,然后创建主类GamePanel,继承自JPanel并实现KeyListener事件,接下来就是声明变量,一个主图片img以及对应的g2,select用于储存按下的按键,这个待会讲,接下来是fresh刷新帧线程,两块板,一个球,两个玩家的分数,胜利所需要的分数,赛点归属于谁,是否出现了赢家等。接下来来到构造函数,先创建img主图片850x1000还有g2,初始化一些东西,这里Board的0和1表示归属于哪个玩家,0则为左手边的,1则为右手边的。接下来创建球(ps.这些类待会就来写),然后分数初始化,赛点为0,表示没有人获得赛点,获胜分数为11分,和乒乓球一样,然后winner为0表示没有赢家,创建线程,这里传入了自己,是为了待会可以通过repaint方式不断重绘,然后启动线程。paint中,没有获胜,则移动板(move),移动球,检查得分,检查赛点,保持两块板处于场内(窗口内),然后设置颜色为黑色,填充背景为黑色,绘制,并把主图片画在g中。paintImage中对板、球、得分、中线进行绘制,不难理解。好,GamePanel的最后,我们来讲讲刚刚的那个select,因为我们要同时检测做个键盘按钮,但是这个KeyListener只支持一次性按下一个,按下多个也只会获取到一个,所以我们用一种方法来解决,我们创建一个select数组,按下按键且按键不在select中则添加到select中,松开则删除,这样同时按下多个按钮,这些按钮(就像排着队伍一样)相继添加到select中,这样也便于了我们移动板的if判断。
接下来我们来看看一个同样非常重要的Fresh刷新帧线程
package com.mr.service;
import com.mr.view.GamePanel;
public class Fresh extends Thread {
public final int INTERVAL=20;
private GamePanel panel;
public Fresh(GamePanel panel) {
this.panel=panel;
}
public void run() {
while (true) {
panel.repaint();
try {
Thread.sleep(INTERVAL);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
这个就while循环实现啦~~~
然后是Ball
package com.mr.model;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Random;
public class Ball {
public int x;
public int y;
public int r;
private int xspeed;
private int yspeed;
private int max_speed;
private int min_speed;
private int max_speed2;
private int min_speed2;
public Ball() {
x=425;
y=500;
r=15;
Random rd=new Random();
xspeed=rd.nextInt(1,3)==1?rd.nextInt(4,7):rd.nextInt(-6,-3);
yspeed=rd.nextInt(1,3)==1?rd.nextInt(4,7):rd.nextInt(-6,-3);
max_speed=12;
min_speed=3;
max_speed2=-3;
min_speed2=-12;
}
public void move(Rectangle b1,Rectangle b2) {
x+=xspeed;
y+=yspeed;
Random rd=new Random();
if (getBound().intersects(b1)||getBound().intersects(b2)) {
xspeed=-xspeed;
yspeed+=rd.nextInt(-2,3);
}
else if (y-r<=0||y+r>=965) {
yspeed=-yspeed;
xspeed+=rd.nextInt(-2,3);
}
if (xspeed>max_speed&&xspeed>0) {
xspeed=max_speed;
}
if (yspeed>max_speed&&yspeed>0) {
yspeed=max_speed;
}
if (xspeed<min_speed&&xspeed>0) {
xspeed=min_speed;
}
if (yspeed<min_speed&&yspeed>0) {
yspeed=min_speed;
}
if (xspeed>max_speed2&&xspeed<0) {
xspeed=max_speed2;
}
if (yspeed>max_speed&&yspeed<0) {
yspeed=max_speed2;
}
if (xspeed<min_speed&&xspeed<0) {
xspeed=min_speed2;
}
if (yspeed<min_speed&&yspeed<0) {
yspeed=min_speed2;
}
}
private Rectangle getBound() {
return new Rectangle(x-r,y-r,r*2,r*2);
}
}
这个模型嘛,一般情况下都有x和y还有大小,因为这个是个圆,所以我们用半径r,然后xspeed和yspeed表示各个方向的速度从而实现斜着移动,还有max_speed和min_speed用于把动态变换的速度限制于这个范围内,待会每碰到一次墙壁或板,就会适当增加或减少速度,所以要把速度限制在特定范围内,max_speed2和min_speed2也一样,前2者是用于正数速度的,后2者是用于负数速度的,然后移动的时候就对一些碰撞等情况进行检测就好了,getBound用于返回对象的Rect长方形对象,用于检测碰撞。
最后是Board
package com.mr.model;
import java.awt.*;
public class Board {
public int x;
public int y;
public int width;
public int height;
public int speed;
public Board(int type) {
width=8;
height=120;
speed=15;
y=500-height/2;
if (type==0) {
x=0;
} else {
x=850-15-width;
}
}
public void checkBound() {
if (y+height>=985) {
y=985-height;
}
if (y<=0) {
y=0;
}
}
public Rectangle getBound() {
return new Rectangle(x,y,width,height);
}
}
Board和Ball也有着差不多的一些参数和类成员和方法
现在全部就都写完了,最后画上点睛之笔,写上最后的程序入口就大功告成啦!!!
Start.java:
package com.mr.main;
import com.mr.view.GameFrame;
public class Start {
public static void main(String[] args) {
GameFrame gameFrame=new GameFrame();
}
}
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